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Journal of Economic Literature Classification
(4173)
A - General Economics and Teaching
(24)
A1 - General Economics
(18)
A10 - General
(1)
A11 - Role of Economics; Role of Economists; Market for Economists
(2)
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
(3)
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
(4)
A14 - Sociology of Economics
(1)
A2 - Economics Education and Teaching of Economics
(3)
A3 - Multisubject Collective Works
(3)
A30 - General
(1)
B - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology
(38)
B0 - General
(6)
B00 - General
(5)
B1 - History of Economic Thought through 1925
(1)
B12 - Classical
(1)
B2 - History of Economic Thought since 1925
(11)
B20 - General
(2)
B22 - Macroeconomics
(3)
B23 - History of Economic Thought: Econometrics; Quantitative and Mathematical Studies
(2)
B25 - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Austrian
(3)
B3 - History of Thought: Individuals
(10)
B30 - General
(1)
B31 - Individuals
(7)
B4 - Economic Methodology
(11)
B40 - General
(2)
B41 - Economic Methodology
(4)
B49 - Other
(2)
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
(9)
B50 - General
(2)
B52 - Institutional; Evolutionary
(3)
B59 - Other
(3)
C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods
(626)
C0 - General
(34)
C00 - General
(4)
C01 - Econometrics
(4)
C02 - Mathematical Methods
(6)
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General
(218)
C10 - General
(12)
C11 - Bayesian Analysis
(11)
C12 - Hypothesis Testing
(21)
C13 - Estimation
(90)
C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods
(100)
C15 - Statistical Simulation Methods; Monte Carlo Methods; Bootstrap Methods
(22)
C16 - Specific Distributions
(4)
C19 - Other
(3)
C2 - Econometric Methods: Single Equation Models; Single Variables
(152)
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
(36)
C22 - Time-Series Models
(78)
C23 - Models with Panel Data
(32)
C24 - Truncated and Censored Models
(9)
C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models
(13)
C29 - Other
(3)
C3 - Econometric Methods: Multiple; Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables; Endogenous Regressors
(82)
C30 - General
(3)
C31 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
(10)
C32 - Time-Series Models
(45)
C33 - Models with Panel Data
(12)
C34 - Truncated and Censored Models
(3)
C35 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models
(4)
C39 - Other
(1)
C4 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics
(22)
C40 - General
(1)
C41 - Duration Analysis
(4)
C42 - Survey Methods
(2)
C43 - Index Numbers and Aggregation
(10)
C44 - Statistical Decision Theory; Operations Research
(2)
C45 - Neural Networks and Related Topics
(1)
C5 - Econometric Modeling
(57)
C50 - General
(14)
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
(10)
C52 - Model Evaluation and Selection
(19)
C53 - Forecasting and Other Model Applications
(15)
C6 - Mathematical Methods and Programming
(53)
C60 - General
(3)
C61 - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
(20)
C62 - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
(5)
C63 - Computational Techniques
(8)
C65 - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools
(4)
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
(11)
C69 - Other
(4)
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
(90)
C70 - General
(6)
C71 - Cooperative Games
(2)
C72 - Noncooperative Games
(36)
C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games; Evolutionary Games; Repeated Games
(12)
C78 - Bargaining Theory; Matching Theory
(22)
C79 - Other
(8)
C8 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs
(14)
C80 - General
(2)
C81 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data
(6)
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data
(1)
C9 - Design of Experiments
(26)
C90 - General
(4)
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
(12)
C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior
(6)
C93 - Field Experiments
(6)
D - Microeconomics
(797)
D0 - General
(20)
D00 - General
(2)
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
(4)
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, and Operations
(5)
D1 - Household Behavior and Family Economics
(90)
D10 - General
(11)
D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory
(9)
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
(36)
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
(10)
D14 - Personal Finance
(12)
D18 - Consumer Protection
(1)
D19 - Other
(2)
D2 - Production and Organizations
(123)
D20 - General
(5)
D21 - Firm Behavior
(40)
D23 - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
(39)
D24 - Production; Cost; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity
(37)
D29 - Other
(1)
D3 - Distribution
(92)
D30 - General
(18)
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
(65)
D33 - Factor Income Distribution
(4)
D4 - Market Structure and Pricing
(57)
D40 - General
(8)
D41 - Perfect Competition
(3)
D42 - Monopoly
(2)
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
(18)
D44 - Auctions
(15)
D46 - Value Theory
(7)
D5 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
(47)
D50 - General
(4)
D51 - Exchange and Production Economies
(3)
D52 - Incomplete Markets
(19)
D53 - Financial Markets
(5)
D58 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
(17)
D6 - Welfare Economics
(142)
D60 - General
(25)
D61 - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
(13)
D62 - Externalities
(5)
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
(95)
D64 - Altruism
(3)
D7 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
(146)
D70 - General
(15)
D71 - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations
(34)
D72 - Economic Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
(80)
D73 - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption
(4)
D74 - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances
(24)
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy-Making and Implementation
(11)
D79 - Other
(1)
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
(254)
D80 - General
(27)
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
(52)
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information
(106)
D83 - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief
(51)
D84 - Expectations; Speculations
(4)
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
(1)
D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory
(8)
D89 - Other
(12)
D9 - Intertemporal Choice and Growth
(47)
D90 - General
(9)
D91 - Intertemporal Consumer Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
(19)
D92 - Intertemporal Firm Choice and Growth, Investment, or Financing
(13)
D99 - Other
(2)
E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
(439)
E0 - General
(28)
E00 - General
(4)
E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth
(5)
E1 - General Aggregative Models
(45)
E10 - General
(12)
E11 - Marxian; Sraffian; Institutional; Evolutionary
(1)
E12 - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian
(3)
E13 - Neoclassical
(11)
E17 - Forecasting and Simulation
(10)
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment
(153)
E20 - General
(5)
E21 - Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Aggregate Physical and Financial Consumer Wealth
(40)
E22 - Capital; Investment (including Inventories); Capacity
(26)
E23 - Production
(19)
E24 - Macroeconomics: Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (includes wage indexation)
(72)
E25 - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
(4)
E26 - Informal Economy; Underground Economy
(1)
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation
(2)
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
(91)
E30 - General
(4)
E31 - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
(29)
E32 - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
(49)
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation
(6)
E4 - Money and Interest Rates
(69)
E40 - General
(6)
E41 - Demand for Money
(4)
E42 - Monetary Systems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
(11)
E43 - Determination of Interest Rates; Term Structure of Interest Rates
(12)
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
(28)
E47 - Forecasting and Simulation
(4)
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
(117)
E50 - General
(9)
E51 - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
(7)
E52 - Monetary Policy (Targets, Instruments, and Effects)
(59)
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
(38)
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy Formation, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, Macroeconomic Policy, and General Outlook
(65)
E60 - General
(11)
E61 - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
(12)
E62 - Fiscal Policy; Public Expenditures, Investment, and Finance; Taxation
(24)
E63 - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization
(7)
E65 - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
(8)
E66 - General Outlook and Conditions
(1)
F - International Economics
(551)
F0 - General
(69)
F00 - General
(9)
F01 - Global Outlook
(21)
F02 - International Economic Order
(19)
F1 - Trade
(208)
F10 - General
(37)
F11 - Neoclassical Models of Trade
(12)
F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
(63)
F13 - Commercial Policy; Protection; Promotion; Trade Negotiations; International Trade Organizations
(38)
F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade
(44)
F15 - Economic Integration
(64)
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
(13)
F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation
(3)
F18 - Trade and Environment
(1)
F19 - Other
(4)
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
(86)
F20 - General
(7)
F21 - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
(19)
F22 - International Migration
(10)
F23 - Multinational Firms; International Business
(49)
F3 - International Finance
(160)
F30 - General
(14)
F31 - Foreign Exchange
(37)
F32 - Current Account Adjustment; Short-Term Capital Movements
(13)
F33 - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
(31)
F34 - International Lending and Debt Problems
(18)
F35 - Foreign Aid
(11)
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
(27)
F37 - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation
(6)
F4 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
(82)
F40 - General
(4)
F41 - Open Economy Macroeconomics
(35)
F42 - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
(8)
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
(11)
F47 - Forecasting and Simulation
(2)
F5 - International Relations and International Political Economy
(82)
F50 - General
(6)
F51 - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions
(6)
F52 - National Security; Economic Nationalism
(5)
F53 - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations
(21)
F59 - International Relations and International Political Economy: Other
(36)
G - Financial Economics
(601)
G0 - General
(45)
G00 - General
(18)
G1 - General Financial Markets
(319)
G10 - General
(40)
G11 - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
(78)
G12 - Asset Pricing; Trading volume; Bond Interest Rates
(99)
G13 - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
(24)
G14 - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies
(41)
G15 - International Financial Markets
(41)
G18 - Government Policy and Regulation
(47)
G2 - Financial Institutions and Services
(205)
G20 - General
(30)
G21 - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
(62)
G22 - Insurance; Insurance Companies
(20)
G23 - Pension Funds; Other Private Financial Institutions
(22)
G24 - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage; Rating Agencies
(33)
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
(35)
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
(148)
G30 - General
(13)
G31 - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
(16)
G32 - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure
(61)
G33 - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
(11)
G34 - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
(52)
G35 - Payout Policy
(2)
G38 - Government Policy and Regulation
(10)
G39 - Other
(1)
H - Public Economics
(505)
H0 - General
(84)
H00 - General
(23)
H1 - Structure and Scope of Government
(65)
H10 - General
(6)
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
(48)
H19 - Other
(1)
H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
(110)
H20 - General
(27)
H21 - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
(19)
H22 - Incidence
(6)
H23 - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
(23)
H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
(10)
H25 - Business Taxes and Subsidies
(2)
H26 - Tax Evasion
(7)
H27 - Other Sources of Revenue
(1)
H3 - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents
(38)
H30 - General
(10)
H31 - Household
(11)
H32 - Firm
(5)
H4 - Publicly Provided Goods
(60)
H40 - General
(6)
H41 - Public Goods
(25)
H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods
(17)
H43 - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate
(6)
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
(130)
H50 - General
(25)
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
(7)
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
(15)
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
(14)
H54 - Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock
(10)
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
(34)
H56 - National Security and War
(7)
H57 - Procurement
(2)
H59 - Other
(1)
H6 - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
(47)
H60 - General
(10)
H61 - Budget; Budget Systems
(9)
H62 - Deficit; Surplus
(2)
H63 - Debt; Debt Management
(20)
H7 - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations
(70)
H70 - General
(7)
H71 - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
(11)
H72 - State and Local Budget and Expenditures
(12)
H73 - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
(4)
H74 - State and Local Borrowing
(1)
H75 - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
(18)
H76 - State and Local Government: Infrastructures; Procurement; Public Safety; Penal Systems; Other Expenditure Categories
(5)
H77 - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism; Secession
(7)
H79 - Other
(1)
H8 - Miscellaneous Issues
(8)
H81 - Governmental Loans, Loan Guarantees, and Credits
(2)
H83 - Public Administration
(2)
H87 - International Fiscal Issues; International Public Goods
(3)
I - Health, Education, and Welfare
(556)
I0 - General
(22)
I00 - General
(6)
I1 - Health
(253)
I10 - General
(20)
I11 - Analysis of Health Care Markets
(42)
I12 - Health Production: Nutrition, Mortality, Morbidity, Suicide, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Disability, and Economic Behavior
(109)
I18 - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
(99)
I19 - Other
(4)
I2 - Education
(109)
I20 - General
(26)
I21 - Analysis of Education
(34)
I22 - Educational Finance
(12)
I23 - Higher Education Research Institutions
(4)
I28 - Government Policy
(12)
I29 - Other
(2)
I3 - Welfare and Poverty
(210)
I30 - General
(24)
I31 - General Welfare; Basic Needs; Living Standards; Quality of Life; Happiness
(41)
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
(46)
I38 - Government Policy; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
(77)
I39 - Other
(5)
J - Labor and Demographic Economics
(665)
J0 - General
(42)
J00 - General
(6)
J01 - Labor Economics: General
(9)
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
(2)
J1 - Demographic Economics
(100)
J10 - General
(4)
J11 - Demographic Trends and Forecasts
(7)
J12 - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
(17)
J13 - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
(32)
J14 - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped
(6)
J15 - Economics of Minorities and Races; Non-labor Discrimination
(9)
J16 - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
(27)
J17 - Value of Life; Forgone Income
(2)
J18 - Public Policy
(16)
J19 - Other
(1)
J2 - Time Allocation, Work Behavior, and Employment Determination and Creation; Human Capital; Retirement
(196)
J20 - General
(10)
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
(28)
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
(41)
J23 - Employment Determination; Job Creation; Demand for Labor; Self-Employment
(28)
J24 - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
(82)
J26 - Retirement; Retirement Policies
(6)
J28 - Safety; Accidents; Industrial Health; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
(17)
J29 - Other
(1)
J3 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
(188)
J30 - General
(22)
J31 - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials by Skill, Training, Occupation, etc.
(115)
J32 - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Private Pensions
(15)
J33 - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods
(36)
J38 - Public Policy
(6)
J39 - Other
(1)
J4 - Particular Labor Markets
(83)
J40 - General
(10)
J41 - Contracts: Specific Human Capital, Matching Models, Efficiency Wage Models, and Internal Labor Markets
(34)
J42 - Monopsony; Segmented Labor Markets
(10)
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
(2)
J44 - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations
(9)
J45 - Public Sector Labor Markets
(15)
J48 - Public Policy
(6)
J49 - Other
(1)
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
(105)
J50 - General
(21)
J51 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
(51)
J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation; Collective Bargaining
(9)
J53 - Labor-Management Relations; Industrial Jurisprudence
(20)
J54 - Producer Cooperatives; Labor Managed Firms
(4)
J58 - Public Policy
(3)
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies
(159)
J60 - General
(13)
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
(23)
J62 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility
(19)
J63 - Turnover; Vacancies; Layoffs
(33)
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
(60)
J65 - Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings
(10)
J68 - Public Policy
(11)
J7 - Labor Discrimination
(24)
J70 - General
(2)
J71 - Discrimination
(15)
J78 - Public Policy
(3)
J8 - Labor Standards: National and International
(16)
J80 - General
(3)
J81 - Working Conditions
(9)
J82 - Labor Force Composition
(2)
J88 - Public Policy
(1)
K - Law and Economics
(106)
K0 - General
(18)
K00 - General
(6)
K1 - Basic Areas of Law
(17)
K10 - General
(2)
K11 - Property Law
(7)
K12 - Contract Law
(4)
K14 - Criminal Law
(3)
K19 - Other
(2)
K2 - Regulation and Business Law
(22)
K20 - General
(5)
K22 - Corporation and Securities Law
(4)
K29 - Other
(2)
K3 - Other Substantive Areas of Law
(17)
K31 - Labor Law
(6)
K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
(1)
K33 - International Law
(7)
K34 - Tax Law
(2)
K39 - Other
(1)
K4 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior
(39)
K40 - General
(12)
K41 - Litigation Process
(9)
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
(16)
L - Industrial Organization
(340)
L0 - General
(13)
L00 - General
(3)
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
(118)
L10 - General
(10)
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
(35)
L12 - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies
(4)
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
(21)
L14 - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks
(23)
L15 - Information and Product Quality; Standardization and Compatibility
(4)
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure; Industrial Price Indices
(4)
L19 - Other
(1)
L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
(119)
L20 - General
(7)
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
(6)
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure: Markets vs. Hierarchies; Vertical Integration; Conglomerates; Subsidiaries
(34)
L23 - Organization of Production
(20)
L24 - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology Licensing
(8)
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification and Scope, Age, Profit, and Sales
(25)
L29 - Other
(2)
L3 - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise
(29)
L30 - General
(3)
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs
(9)
L32 - Public Enterprises
(6)
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises; Privatization; Contracting Out
(12)
L4 - Antitrust Issues and Policies
(14)
L41 - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
(3)
L42 - Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts
(1)
L43 - Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation
(2)
L5 - Regulation and Industrial Policy
(21)
L50 - General
(2)
L51 - Economics of Regulation
(10)
L52 - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
(3)
L59 - Other
(2)
L6 - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
(32)
L60 - General
(14)
L62 - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment
(3)
L63 - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment
(2)
L65 - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology
(3)
L66 - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
(3)
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
(3)
L68 - Appliances; Other Consumer Durables
(1)
L69 - Other
(1)
L7 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction
(7)
L70 - General
(3)
L73 - Forest Products: Lumber and Paper
(2)
L74 - Construction
(1)
L79 - Other
(1)
L8 - Industry Studies: Services
(44)
L80 - General
(1)
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade; Warehousing; e-Commerce
(7)
L82 - Entertainment; Media (Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Broadcasting, Publishing, etc.)
(20)
L83 - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism
(4)
L84 - Personal, Professional, and Business Services
(2)
L85 - Real Estate Services
(1)
L86 - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software
(9)
L9 - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities
(22)
L91 - Transportation: General
(2)
L92 - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation: Autos, Buses, Trucks, and Water Carriers; Ports
(3)
L93 - Air Transportation
(2)
L94 - Electric Utilities
(6)
L95 - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities
(2)
L96 - Telecommunications
(8)
L98 - Government Policy
(1)
M - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting
(173)
M0 - General
(9)
M00 - General
(4)
M1 - Business Administration
(59)
M10 - General
(7)
M11 - Production Management
(9)
M12 - Personnel Management
(29)
M13 - Entrepreneurship
(11)
M14 - Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility
(3)
M2 - Business Economics
(24)
M20 - General
(1)
M21 - Business Economics
(8)
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
(24)
M30 - General
(4)
M31 - Marketing
(8)
M37 - Advertising
(7)
M4 - Accounting and Auditing
(19)
M40 - General
(4)
M41 - Accounting
(5)
M42 - Auditing
(4)
M49 - Other
(2)
M5 - Personnel Economics
(68)
M50 - General
(5)
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions (hiring, firing, turnover, part-time, temporary workers, seniority issues)
(3)
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects (stock options, fringe benefits, incentives, family support programs, seniority issues)
(32)
M53 - Training
(6)
M54 - Labor Management (team formation, worker empowerment, job design, tasks and authority, work arrangemetns, job satisfaction)
(25)
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices: Outsourcing; Franchising; Other
(7)
N - Economic History
(264)
N0 - General
(10)
N00 - General
(5)
N01 - Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods
(1)
N1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Growth and Fluctuations
(98)
N10 - General, International, or Comparative
(16)
N11 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(1)
N12 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(8)
N13 - Europe: Pre-1913
(12)
N14 - Europe: 1913-
(27)
N15 - Asia including Middle East
(40)
N17 - Africa; Oceania
(1)
N2 - Financial Markets and Institutions
(46)
N20 - General, International, or Comparative
(8)
N22 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(10)
N23 - Europe: Pre-1913
(5)
N24 - Europe: 1913-
(13)
N25 - Asia including Middle East
(2)
N27 - Africa; Oceania
(4)
N3 - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income, and Wealth
(47)
N30 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: General, International, or Comparative (Migration)
(4)
N31 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(1)
N32 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(4)
N33 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Europe: Pre-1913
(6)
N34 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Europe: 1913-
(13)
N35 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Asia including Middle East
(12)
N37 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Africa; Oceania
(2)
N4 - Government, War, Law, and Regulation
(38)
N40 - General, International, or Comparative
(7)
N43 - Europe: Pre-1913
(4)
N44 - Europe: 1913-
(10)
N45 - Asia including Middle East
(13)
N47 - Africa; Oceania
(5)
N5 - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries
(17)
N50 - General, International, or Comparative
(1)
N52 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(1)
N53 - Europe: Pre-1913
(2)
N54 - Europe: 1913-
(1)
N55 - Asia including Middle East
(10)
N57 - Africa; Oceania
(1)
N6 - Manufacturing and Construction
(8)
N64 - Europe: 1913-
(3)
N65 - Asia including Middle East
(4)
N67 - Africa; Oceania
(1)
N7 - Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services
(32)
N70 - General, International, or Comparative
(8)
N73 - Europe: Pre-1913
(5)
N74 - Europe: 1913-
(10)
N75 - Asia including Middle East
(2)
N77 - Africa; Oceania
(2)
N8 - Micro-Business History
(5)
N80 - General, International, or Comparative
(1)
N83 - Europe: Pre-1913
(1)
N84 - Europe: 1913-
(2)
N85 - Asia including Middle East
(1)
N9 - Regional and Urban History
(28)
N90 - General, International, or Comparative
(1)
N92 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(3)
N93 - Europe: Pre-1913
(1)
N94 - Europe: 1913-
(9)
N95 - Asia including Middle East
(11)
O - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth
(607)
O1 - Economic Development
(293)
O10 - General
(32)
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
(38)
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
(46)
O13 - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products
(18)
O14 - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
(33)
O15 - Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
(36)
O16 - Economic Development: Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
(31)
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements: Legal, Social, Economic, and Political
(15)
O18 - Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses
(41)
O19 - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
(10)
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
(23)
O20 - General
(4)
O21 - Planning Models; Planning Policy
(1)
O22 - Project Analysis
(4)
O24 - Trade Policy; Factor Movement Policy; Foreign Exchange Policy
(1)
O3 - Technological Change; Research and Development
(243)
O30 - General
(29)
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
(77)
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
(71)
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
(102)
O34 - Intellectual Property Rights: National and International Issues
(23)
O38 - Government Policy
(16)
O39 - Other
(1)
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
(106)
O40 - General
(19)
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
(44)
O42 - Monetary Growth Models
(3)
O47 - Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output (Income) Convergence
(34)
O5 - Economywide Country Studies
(63)
O50 - General
(3)
O51 - U.S.; Canada
(8)
O52 - Europe
(13)
O53 - Asia including Middle East
(11)
O55 - Africa
(13)
O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries
(14)
P - Economic Systems
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P0 - General
(4)
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(1)
P1 - Capitalist Systems
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P10 - General
(3)
P11 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
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P12 - Capitalist Enterprises
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P13 - Cooperative Enterprises
(1)
P14 - Property Rights
(3)
P16 - Political Economy
(15)
P2 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies
(29)
P20 - General
(7)
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
(1)
P23 - Factor and Product Markets; Industry Studies; Population
(3)
P24 - National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation
(1)
P25 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics; Housing; Transportation
(4)
P26 - Political Economy; Property Rights
(4)
P27 - Performance and Prospects
(4)
P3 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
(15)
P30 - General
(1)
P31 - Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions
(8)
P33 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid
(1)
P34 - Financial Economics
(1)
P36 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Consumer Economics; Health, Education and Training, Welfare, and Poverty
(1)
P4 - Other Economic Systems
(9)
P40 - General
(1)
P45 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid
(1)
P48 - Political Economy; Legal Institutions; Property Rights
(6)
P5 - Comparative Economic Systems
(11)
P50 - General
(1)
P51 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems
(3)
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
(4)
Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics
(223)
Q0 - General
(12)
Q00 - General
(2)
Q01 - Sustainable Development
(10)
Q1 - Agriculture
(59)
Q10 - General
(2)
Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices
(3)
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
(5)
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
(1)
Q14 - Agricultural Finance
(2)
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation
(30)
Q16 - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Agricultural Extension Services
(2)
Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
(2)
Q18 - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy
(12)
Q19 - Other
(1)
Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation
(37)
Q20 - General
(4)
Q21 - Demand and Supply
(1)
Q23 - Forestry
(5)
Q24 - Land
(9)
Q25 - Water
(3)
Q27 - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Issues in International Trade
(3)
Q28 - Government Policy
(12)
Q3 - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation
(27)
Q30 - General
(4)
Q32 - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
(10)
Q33 - Resource Booms
(3)
Q34 - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts
(8)
Q38 - Government Policy
(3)
Q4 - Energy
(21)
Q40 - General
(6)
Q41 - Demand and Supply
(6)
Q42 - Alternative Energy Sources
(4)
Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy
(3)
Q48 - Government Policy
(8)
Q5 - Environmental Economics
(125)
Q50 - General
(15)
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
(9)
Q52 - Pollution Control Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects
(8)
Q53 - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling
(6)
Q54 - Climate; Natural Disasters
(60)
Q56 - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Equity
(25)
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services; Biodiversity Conservation; Bioeconomics
(8)
Q58 - Government Policy
(32)
R - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics
(237)
R0 - General
(22)
R00 - General
(6)
R1 - General Regional Economics
(105)
R10 - General
(4)
R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
(35)
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade
(53)
R13 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies
(6)
R14 - Land Use Patterns
(7)
R15 - Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Models
(2)
R19 - Other
(1)
R2 - Household Analysis
(67)
R20 - General
(6)
R21 - Housing Demand
(30)
R23 - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
(22)
R29 - Other
(2)
R3 - Production Analysis and Firm Location
(53)
R30 - General
(7)
R31 - Housing Supply and Markets
(31)
R32 - Other Production and Pricing Analysis
(7)
R33 - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets
(2)
R34 - Input Demand Analysis
(1)
R38 - Government Policies; Regulatory Policies
(6)
R4 - Transportation Systems
(10)
R40 - General
(2)
R41 - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise
(1)
R42 - Government and Private Investment Analysis
(3)
R48 - Government Pricing; Regulatory Policies
(1)
R5 - Regional Government Analysis
(34)
R50 - General
(2)
R51 - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies
(2)
R52 - Land Use and Other Regulations
(13)
R53 - Public Facility Location Analysis; Public Investment and Capital Stock
(5)
R58 - Regional Development Policy
(9)
Y - Miscellaneous Categories
(17)
Y1 - Data: Tables and Charts
(1)
Y3 - Book Reviews
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Y4 - Dissertations
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Y8 - Related Disciplines
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Y80 - Related Disciplines
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Z - Other Special Topics
(51)
Z0 - General
(5)
Z00 - General
(3)
Z1 - Cultural Economics; Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology
(46)
Z10 - General
(1)
Z12 - Religion
(3)
Z13 - Social Norms and Social Capital; Social Networks
(23)
Z19 - Other
(4)