Cookies?
Home
Browse
Browse by Year
Browse by Subject
About
Advanced Search
Login
Browse by JEL codes
Please select a value to browse from the list below.
Journal of Economic Literature Classification
(10004)
A - General Economics and Teaching
(81)
A1 - General Economics
(73)
A10 - General
(9)
A11 - Role of Economics; Role of Economists; Market for Economists
(12)
A12 - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
(14)
A13 - Relation of Economics to Social Values
(12)
A14 - Sociology of Economics
(12)
A19 - Other
(1)
A2 - Economics Education and Teaching of Economics
(7)
A20 - General
(2)
A22 - Undergraduate
(1)
A3 - Multisubject Collective Works
(3)
A30 - General
(1)
B - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology
(100)
B0 - General
(10)
B00 - General
(9)
B1 - History of Economic Thought through 1925
(10)
B10 - General
(4)
B11 - Preclassical
(2)
B12 - Classical
(2)
B13 - Neoclassical through 1925
(3)
B14 - Socialist; Marxist
(1)
B2 - History of Economic Thought since 1925
(38)
B20 - General
(14)
B21 - Microeconomics
(6)
B22 - Macroeconomics
(9)
B23 - History of Economic Thought: Econometrics; Quantitative and Mathematical Studies
(2)
B24 - Socialist; Marxist
(1)
B25 - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Austrian
(6)
B29 - Other
(1)
B3 - History of Thought: Individuals
(18)
B30 - General
(1)
B31 - Individuals
(14)
B4 - Economic Methodology
(33)
B40 - General
(11)
B41 - Economic Methodology
(15)
B49 - Other
(3)
B5 - Current Heterodox Approaches
(17)
B50 - General
(2)
B51 - Socialist; Marxian; Sraffian
(1)
B52 - Institutional; Evolutionary
(4)
B53 - Austrian
(1)
B54 - Feminist Economics
(4)
B59 - Other
(2)
C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods
(1300)
C0 - General
(82)
C00 - General
(32)
C01 - Econometrics
(10)
C02 - Mathematical Methods
(18)
C1 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General
(371)
C10 - General
(37)
C11 - Bayesian Analysis
(32)
C12 - Hypothesis Testing
(52)
C13 - Estimation
(136)
C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods
(138)
C15 - Statistical Simulation Methods; Monte Carlo Methods; Bootstrap Methods
(38)
C16 - Specific Distributions
(4)
C19 - Other
(5)
C2 - Econometric Methods: Single Equation Models; Single Variables
(273)
C20 - General
(9)
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
(68)
C22 - Time-Series Models
(100)
C23 - Models with Panel Data
(81)
C24 - Truncated and Censored Models
(16)
C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models
(29)
C29 - Other
(3)
C3 - Econometric Methods: Multiple; Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables; Endogenous Regressors
(175)
C30 - General
(16)
C31 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
(25)
C32 - Time-Series Models
(80)
C33 - Models with Panel Data
(32)
C34 - Truncated and Censored Models
(6)
C35 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models
(12)
C39 - Other
(5)
C4 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics
(50)
C40 - General
(2)
C41 - Duration Analysis
(12)
C42 - Survey Methods
(3)
C43 - Index Numbers and Aggregation
(19)
C44 - Statistical Decision Theory; Operations Research
(4)
C45 - Neural Networks and Related Topics
(1)
C46 - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Specific Distributions
(7)
C5 - Econometric Modeling
(160)
C50 - General
(33)
C51 - Model Construction and Estimation
(43)
C52 - Model Evaluation and Selection
(52)
C53 - Forecasting and Other Model Applications
(43)
C59 - Other
(3)
C6 - Mathematical Methods and Programming
(133)
C60 - General
(11)
C61 - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
(57)
C62 - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
(14)
C63 - Computational Techniques
(33)
C65 - Miscellaneous Mathematical Tools
(5)
C67 - Input-
(3)
C68 - Computable General Equilibrium Models
(15)
C69 - Other
(4)
C7 - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
(167)
C70 - General
(21)
C71 - Cooperative Games
(6)
C72 - Noncooperative Games
(58)
C73 - Stochastic and Dynamic Games; Evolutionary Games; Repeated Games
(25)
C78 - Bargaining Theory; Matching Theory
(33)
C79 - Other
(13)
C8 - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs
(58)
C80 - General
(11)
C81 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data
(37)
C82 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data
(5)
C88 - Other Computer Software
(1)
C89 - Other
(1)
C9 - Design of Experiments
(122)
C90 - General
(22)
C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
(44)
C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior
(18)
C93 - Field Experiments
(45)
C99 - Other
(3)
D - Microeconomics
(2138)
D0 - General
(97)
D00 - General
(28)
D01 - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
(20)
D02 - Institutions: Design, Formation, and Operations
(31)
D1 - Household Behavior and Family Economics
(270)
D10 - General
(49)
D11 - Consumer Economics: Theory
(25)
D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
(90)
D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
(33)
D14 - Personal Finance
(57)
D18 - Consumer Protection
(3)
D19 - Other
(4)
D2 - Production and Organizations
(289)
D20 - General
(33)
D21 - Firm Behavior
(66)
D23 - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
(88)
D24 - Production; Cost; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity
(99)
D29 - Other
(2)
D3 - Distribution
(305)
D30 - General
(35)
D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
(258)
D33 - Factor Income Distribution
(6)
D4 - Market Structure and Pricing
(130)
D40 - General
(22)
D41 - Perfect Competition
(4)
D42 - Monopoly
(9)
D43 - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
(32)
D44 - Auctions
(49)
D45 - Rationing; Licensing
(1)
D46 - Value Theory
(7)
D5 - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium
(96)
D50 - General
(11)
D51 - Exchange and Production Economies
(5)
D52 - Incomplete Markets
(42)
D53 - Financial Markets
(22)
D57 - Input-Output Tables and Analysis
(3)
D58 - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
(18)
D6 - Welfare Economics
(370)
D60 - General
(66)
D61 - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
(44)
D62 - Externalities
(37)
D63 - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
(201)
D64 - Altruism
(20)
D69 - Other
(3)
D7 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
(358)
D70 - General
(35)
D71 - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations
(51)
D72 - Economic Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
(192)
D73 - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption
(36)
D74 - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances
(51)
D78 - Positive Analysis of Policy-Making and Implementation
(33)
D79 - Other
(1)
D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty
(604)
D80 - General
(57)
D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
(112)
D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information
(211)
D83 - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief
(157)
D84 - Expectations; Speculations
(34)
D85 - Network Formation and Analysis: Theory
(23)
D86 - Economics of Contract: Theory
(44)
D89 - Other
(17)
D9 - Intertemporal Choice and Growth
(135)
D90 - General
(34)
D91 - Intertemporal Consumer Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
(66)
D92 - Intertemporal Firm Choice and Growth, Investment, or Financing
(24)
D99 - Other
(3)
E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
(1245)
E0 - General
(101)
E00 - General
(38)
E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth
(31)
E1 - General Aggregative Models
(83)
E10 - General
(23)
E11 - Marxian; Sraffian; Institutional; Evolutionary
(3)
E12 - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian
(17)
E13 - Neoclassical
(16)
E17 - Forecasting and Simulation
(14)
E2 - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment
(405)
E20 - General
(23)
E21 - Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Aggregate Physical and Financial Consumer Wealth
(94)
E22 - Capital; Investment (including Inventories); Capacity
(69)
E23 - Production
(60)
E24 - Macroeconomics: Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (includes wage indexation)
(177)
E25 - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
(11)
E26 - Informal Economy; Underground Economy
(8)
E27 - Forecasting and Simulation
(13)
E3 - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
(357)
E30 - General
(32)
E31 - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
(104)
E32 - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
(212)
E37 - Forecasting and Simulation
(21)
E4 - Money and Interest Rates
(259)
E40 - General
(30)
E41 - Demand for Money
(17)
E42 - Monetary Systems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
(38)
E43 - Determination of Interest Rates; Term Structure of Interest Rates
(57)
E44 - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
(121)
E47 - Forecasting and Simulation
(12)
E49 - Other
(3)
E5 - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
(333)
E50 - General
(53)
E51 - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
(22)
E52 - Monetary Policy (Targets, Instruments, and Effects)
(178)
E58 - Central Banks and Their Policies
(107)
E59 - Other
(3)
E6 - Macroeconomic Policy Formation, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, Macroeconomic Policy, and General Outlook
(210)
E60 - General
(33)
E61 - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
(37)
E62 - Fiscal Policy; Public Expenditures, Investment, and Finance; Taxation
(94)
E63 - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization
(32)
E64 - Incomes Policy; Price Policy
(4)
E65 - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
(16)
E66 - General Outlook and Conditions
(4)
F - International Economics
(1286)
F0 - General
(106)
F00 - General
(27)
F01 - Global Outlook
(22)
F02 - International Economic Order
(26)
F1 - Trade
(565)
F10 - General
(123)
F11 - Neoclassical Models of Trade
(32)
F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
(114)
F13 - Commercial Policy; Protection; Promotion; Trade Negotiations; International Trade Organizations
(110)
F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade
(170)
F15 - Economic Integration
(145)
F16 - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
(61)
F17 - Trade Forecasting and Simulation
(17)
F18 - Trade and Environment
(12)
F19 - Other
(4)
F2 - International Factor Movements and International Business
(239)
F20 - General
(12)
F21 - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
(54)
F22 - International Migration
(46)
F23 - Multinational Firms; International Business
(131)
F3 - International Finance
(336)
F30 - General
(47)
F31 - Foreign Exchange
(88)
F32 - Current Account Adjustment; Short-Term Capital Movements
(34)
F33 - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
(56)
F34 - International Lending and Debt Problems
(55)
F35 - Foreign Aid
(17)
F36 - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
(53)
F37 - International Finance Forecasting and Simulation
(17)
F4 - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
(214)
F40 - General
(19)
F41 - Open Economy Macroeconomics
(95)
F42 - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
(23)
F43 - Economic Growth of Open Economies
(36)
F47 - Forecasting and Simulation
(8)
F5 - International Relations and International Political Economy
(181)
F50 - General
(26)
F51 - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions
(24)
F52 - National Security; Economic Nationalism
(9)
F53 - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations
(47)
F54 - Colonialism; Imperialism; Postcolonialism
(8)
F59 - International Relations and International Political Economy: Other
(58)
G - Financial Economics
(1721)
G0 - General
(179)
G00 - General
(131)
G1 - General Financial Markets
(884)
G10 - General
(187)
G11 - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
(200)
G12 - Asset Pricing; Trading volume; Bond Interest Rates
(299)
G13 - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
(57)
G14 - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies
(164)
G15 - International Financial Markets
(127)
G18 - Government Policy and Regulation
(102)
G19 - Other
(3)
G2 - Financial Institutions and Services
(616)
G20 - General
(105)
G21 - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
(237)
G22 - Insurance; Insurance Companies
(54)
G23 - Pension Funds; Other Private Financial Institutions
(96)
G24 - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage; Rating Agencies
(69)
G28 - Government Policy and Regulation
(133)
G29 - Other
(1)
G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance
(463)
G30 - General
(92)
G31 - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
(40)
G32 - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure
(193)
G33 - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
(44)
G34 - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
(136)
G35 - Payout Policy
(5)
G38 - Government Policy and Regulation
(57)
G39 - Other
(3)
H - Public Economics
(1234)
H0 - General
(144)
H00 - General
(64)
H1 - Structure and Scope of Government
(134)
H10 - General
(27)
H11 - Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
(91)
H19 - Other
(2)
H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
(367)
H20 - General
(75)
H21 - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
(41)
H22 - Incidence
(16)
H23 - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
(114)
H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
(48)
H25 - Business Taxes and Subsidies
(36)
H26 - Tax Evasion
(39)
H27 - Other Sources of Revenue
(4)
H29 - Other
(2)
H3 - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents
(125)
H30 - General
(54)
H31 - Household
(29)
H32 - Firm
(24)
H39 - Other
(1)
H4 - Publicly Provided Goods
(151)
H40 - General
(25)
H41 - Public Goods
(62)
H42 - Publicly Provided Private Goods
(24)
H43 - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate
(21)
H44 - Publicly Provided Goods: Mixed Markets
(6)
H49 - Other
(1)
H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
(267)
H50 - General
(50)
H51 - Government Expenditures and Health
(24)
H52 - Government Expenditures and Education
(26)
H53 - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
(32)
H54 - Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock
(21)
H55 - Social Security and Public Pensions
(61)
H56 - National Security and War
(17)
H57 - Procurement
(13)
H59 - Other
(2)
H6 - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
(115)
H60 - General
(29)
H61 - Budget; Budget Systems
(16)
H62 - Deficit; Surplus
(15)
H63 - Debt; Debt Management
(54)
H7 - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations
(168)
H70 - General
(29)
H71 - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
(28)
H72 - State and Local Budget and Expenditures
(19)
H73 - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
(8)
H74 - State and Local Borrowing
(3)
H75 - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
(49)
H76 - State and Local Government: Infrastructures; Procurement; Public Safety; Penal Systems; Other Expenditure Categories
(7)
H77 - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism; Secession
(24)
H79 - Other
(1)
H8 - Miscellaneous Issues
(33)
H80 - General
(3)
H81 - Governmental Loans, Loan Guarantees, and Credits
(9)
H83 - Public Administration
(12)
H87 - International Fiscal Issues; International Public Goods
(6)
H89 - Other
(2)
I - Health, Education, and Welfare
(1485)
I0 - General
(102)
I00 - General
(82)
I1 - Health
(615)
I10 - General
(125)
I11 - Analysis of Health Care Markets
(92)
I12 - Health Production: Nutrition, Mortality, Morbidity, Suicide, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Disability, and Economic Behavior
(193)
I18 - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
(274)
I19 - Other
(18)
I2 - Education
(344)
I20 - General
(115)
I21 - Analysis of Education
(98)
I22 - Educational Finance
(25)
I23 - Higher Education Research Institutions
(46)
I28 - Government Policy
(62)
I29 - Other
(7)
I3 - Welfare and Poverty
(537)
I30 - General
(91)
I31 - General Welfare; Basic Needs; Living Standards; Quality of Life; Happiness
(179)
I32 - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
(119)
I38 - Government Policy; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
(172)
I39 - Other
(14)
J - Labor and Demographic Economics
(1808)
J0 - General
(139)
J00 - General
(58)
J01 - Labor Economics: General
(30)
J08 - Labor Economics Policies
(21)
J1 - Demographic Economics
(419)
J10 - General
(22)
J11 - Demographic Trends and Forecasts
(27)
J12 - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
(48)
J13 - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
(127)
J14 - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped
(35)
J15 - Economics of Minorities and Races; Non-labor Discrimination
(60)
J16 - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
(133)
J17 - Value of Life; Forgone Income
(3)
J18 - Public Policy
(45)
J19 - Other
(1)
J2 - Time Allocation, Work Behavior, and Employment Determination and Creation; Human Capital; Retirement
(573)
J20 - General
(34)
J21 - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
(89)
J22 - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
(118)
J23 - Employment Determination; Job Creation; Demand for Labor; Self-Employment
(81)
J24 - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
(259)
J26 - Retirement; Retirement Policies
(18)
J28 - Safety; Accidents; Industrial Health; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
(39)
J29 - Other
(1)
J3 - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
(472)
J30 - General
(60)
J31 - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials by Skill, Training, Occupation, etc.
(281)
J32 - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Private Pensions
(28)
J33 - Compensation Packages; Payment Methods
(91)
J38 - Public Policy
(21)
J39 - Other
(1)
J4 - Particular Labor Markets
(188)
J40 - General
(24)
J41 - Contracts: Specific Human Capital, Matching Models, Efficiency Wage Models, and Internal Labor Markets
(56)
J42 - Monopsony; Segmented Labor Markets
(35)
J43 - Agricultural Labor Markets
(3)
J44 - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations
(27)
J45 - Public Sector Labor Markets
(35)
J48 - Public Policy
(10)
J49 - Other
(1)
J5 - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
(159)
J50 - General
(30)
J51 - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
(71)
J52 - Dispute Resolution: Strikes, Arbitration, and Mediation; Collective Bargaining
(16)
J53 - Labor-Management Relations; Industrial Jurisprudence
(33)
J54 - Producer Cooperatives; Labor Managed Firms
(10)
J58 - Public Policy
(7)
J6 - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies
(440)
J60 - General
(35)
J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
(110)
J62 - Job, Occupational, and Intergenerational Mobility
(79)
J63 - Turnover; Vacancies; Layoffs
(72)
J64 - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
(128)
J65 - Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings
(37)
J68 - Public Policy
(24)
J7 - Labor Discrimination
(61)
J70 - General
(5)
J71 - Discrimination
(35)
J78 - Public Policy
(7)
J8 - Labor Standards: National and International
(45)
J80 - General
(7)
J81 - Working Conditions
(20)
J82 - Labor Force Composition
(4)
J83 - Workers' Rights
(2)
J88 - Public Policy
(6)
K - Law and Economics
(279)
K0 - General
(25)
K00 - General
(12)
K1 - Basic Areas of Law
(44)
K10 - General
(5)
K11 - Property Law
(11)
K12 - Contract Law
(15)
K13 - Tort Law and Product Liability
(2)
K14 - Criminal Law
(9)
K19 - Other
(5)
K2 - Regulation and Business Law
(68)
K20 - General
(16)
K21 - Antitrust Law
(3)
K22 - Corporation and Securities Law
(35)
K23 - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
(7)
K29 - Other
(4)
K3 - Other Substantive Areas of Law
(53)
K31 - Labor Law
(16)
K32 - Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
(9)
K33 - International Law
(14)
K34 - Tax Law
(14)
K39 - Other
(1)
K4 - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior
(116)
K40 - General
(29)
K41 - Litigation Process
(18)
K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
(67)
K49 - Other
(1)
L - Industrial Organization
(879)
L0 - General
(48)
L00 - General
(15)
L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
(285)
L10 - General
(33)
L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
(87)
L12 - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies
(9)
L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
(50)
L14 - Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks
(46)
L15 - Information and Product Quality; Standardization and Compatibility
(14)
L16 - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure; Industrial Price Indices
(11)
L17 - Open Source Products and Markets
(1)
L19 - Other
(1)
L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
(333)
L20 - General
(57)
L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm
(19)
L22 - Firm Organization and Market Structure: Markets vs. Hierarchies; Vertical Integration; Conglomerates; Subsidiaries
(72)
L23 - Organization of Production
(60)
L24 - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology Licensing
(18)
L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification and Scope, Age, Profit, and Sales
(76)
L29 - Other
(8)
L3 - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise
(51)
L30 - General
(6)
L31 - Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs
(17)
L32 - Public Enterprises
(10)
L33 - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises; Privatization; Contracting Out
(21)
L4 - Antitrust Issues and Policies
(36)
L40 - General
(4)
L41 - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
(7)
L42 - Vertical Restraints; Resale Price Maintenance; Quantity Discounts
(4)
L43 - Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation
(6)
L44 - Antitrust Policy and Public Enterprise, Nonprofit Institutions, and Professional Organizations
(3)
L5 - Regulation and Industrial Policy
(97)
L50 - General
(18)
L51 - Economics of Regulation
(38)
L52 - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
(19)
L53 - Government Promotion of Firms
(4)
L59 - Other
(2)
L6 - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
(88)
L60 - General
(37)
L61 - Metals and Metal Products; Cement; Glass; Ceramics
(4)
L62 - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment
(10)
L63 - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment
(10)
L65 - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology
(7)
L66 - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
(7)
L67 - Other Consumer Nondurables: Clothing, Textiles, Shoes, and Leather
(4)
L68 - Appliances; Other Consumer Durables
(3)
L69 - Other
(1)
L7 - Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction
(19)
L70 - General
(4)
L71 - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Hydrocarbon Fuels
(6)
L72 - Mining, Extraction, and Refining: Other Nonrenewable Resources
(2)
L73 - Forest Products: Lumber and Paper
(4)
L74 - Construction
(2)
L79 - Other
(1)
L8 - Industry Studies: Services
(95)
L80 - General
(5)
L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade; Warehousing; e-Commerce
(14)
L82 - Entertainment; Media (Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Broadcasting, Publishing, etc.)
(27)
L83 - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism
(16)
L84 - Personal, Professional, and Business Services
(6)
L85 - Real Estate Services
(2)
L86 - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software
(26)
L87 - Postal and Delivery Services
(2)
L89 - Other
(1)
L9 - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities
(60)
L90 - General
(1)
L91 - Transportation: General
(9)
L92 - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation: Autos, Buses, Trucks, and Water Carriers; Ports
(8)
L93 - Air Transportation
(6)
L94 - Electric Utilities
(11)
L95 - Gas Utilities; Pipelines; Water Utilities
(2)
L96 - Telecommunications
(20)
L97 - Utilities: General
(3)
L98 - Government Policy
(4)
M - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting
(489)
M0 - General
(22)
M00 - General
(5)
M1 - Business Administration
(163)
M10 - General
(18)
M11 - Production Management
(17)
M12 - Personnel Management
(53)
M13 - Entrepreneurship
(47)
M14 - Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility
(23)
M19 - Other
(1)
M2 - Business Economics
(63)
M20 - General
(17)
M21 - Business Economics
(18)
M3 - Marketing and Advertising
(44)
M30 - General
(7)
M31 - Marketing
(16)
M37 - Advertising
(15)
M4 - Accounting and Auditing
(102)
M40 - General
(15)
M41 - Accounting
(75)
M42 - Auditing
(11)
M49 - Other
(2)
M5 - Personnel Economics
(150)
M50 - General
(14)
M51 - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions (hiring, firing, turnover, part-time, temporary workers, seniority issues)
(14)
M52 - Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects (stock options, fringe benefits, incentives, family support programs, seniority issues)
(67)
M53 - Training
(12)
M54 - Labor Management (team formation, worker empowerment, job design, tasks and authority, work arrangemetns, job satisfaction)
(38)
M55 - Labor Contracting Devices: Outsourcing; Franchising; Other
(12)
N - Economic History
(789)
N0 - General
(56)
N00 - General
(38)
N01 - Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods
(12)
N1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Growth and Fluctuations
(242)
N10 - General, International, or Comparative
(55)
N11 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(6)
N12 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(17)
N13 - Europe: Pre-1913
(52)
N14 - Europe: 1913-
(54)
N15 - Asia including Middle East
(59)
N16 - Latin America; Caribbean
(11)
N17 - Africa; Oceania
(9)
N2 - Financial Markets and Institutions
(124)
N20 - General, International, or Comparative
(41)
N22 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(20)
N23 - Europe: Pre-1913
(23)
N24 - Europe: 1913-
(22)
N25 - Asia including Middle East
(13)
N26 - Latin America; Caribbean
(7)
N27 - Africa; Oceania
(5)
N3 - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income, and Wealth
(246)
N30 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: General, International, or Comparative (Migration)
(39)
N31 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(14)
N32 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(9)
N33 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Europe: Pre-1913
(95)
N34 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Europe: 1913-
(49)
N35 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Asia including Middle East
(37)
N36 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Latin America; Caribbean
(13)
N37 - Economic History: Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Income and Wealth: Africa; Oceania
(7)
N4 - Government, War, Law, and Regulation
(120)
N40 - General, International, or Comparative
(27)
N41 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(1)
N42 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(2)
N43 - Europe: Pre-1913
(28)
N44 - Europe: 1913-
(21)
N45 - Asia including Middle East
(29)
N46 - Latin America; Caribbean
(5)
N47 - Africa; Oceania
(11)
N5 - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment, and Extractive Industries
(57)
N50 - General, International, or Comparative
(8)
N52 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(5)
N53 - Europe: Pre-1913
(12)
N54 - Europe: 1913-
(4)
N55 - Asia including Middle East
(24)
N56 - Latin America; Caribbean
(2)
N57 - Africa; Oceania
(8)
N6 - Manufacturing and Construction
(25)
N60 - General, International, or Comparative
(2)
N61 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(1)
N62 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(3)
N63 - Europe: Pre-1913
(10)
N64 - Europe: 1913-
(4)
N65 - Asia including Middle East
(4)
N67 - Africa; Oceania
(1)
N7 - Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, Technology, and Other Services
(95)
N70 - General, International, or Comparative
(16)
N71 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(3)
N72 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(2)
N73 - Europe: Pre-1913
(42)
N74 - Europe: 1913-
(26)
N75 - Asia including Middle East
(9)
N76 - Latin America; Caribbean
(1)
N77 - Africa; Oceania
(5)
N8 - Micro-Business History
(29)
N80 - General, International, or Comparative
(10)
N81 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(1)
N82 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(1)
N83 - Europe: Pre-1913
(9)
N84 - Europe: 1913-
(3)
N85 - Asia including Middle East
(2)
N87 - Africa; Oceania
(1)
N9 - Regional and Urban History
(72)
N90 - General, International, or Comparative
(5)
N91 - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
(1)
N92 - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
(3)
N93 - Europe: Pre-1913
(21)
N94 - Europe: 1913-
(20)
N95 - Asia including Middle East
(12)
N96 - Latin America; Caribbean
(2)
N97 - Africa; Oceania
(2)
O - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth
(1642)
O1 - Economic Development
(829)
O10 - General
(112)
O11 - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
(84)
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
(95)
O13 - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products
(77)
O14 - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
(81)
O15 - Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
(122)
O16 - Economic Development: Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
(82)
O17 - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements: Legal, Social, Economic, and Political
(46)
O18 - Regional, Urban, and Rural Analyses
(132)
O19 - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
(25)
O2 - Development Planning and Policy
(72)
O20 - General
(14)
O21 - Planning Models; Planning Policy
(8)
O22 - Project Analysis
(6)
O23 - Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development
(6)
O24 - Trade Policy; Factor Movement Policy; Foreign Exchange Policy
(15)
O29 - Other
(1)
O3 - Technological Change; Research and Development
(605)
O30 - General
(108)
O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
(204)
O32 - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
(134)
O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
(230)
O34 - Intellectual Property Rights: National and International Issues
(62)
O38 - Government Policy
(52)
O39 - Other
(1)
O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
(309)
O40 - General
(82)
O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models
(77)
O42 - Monetary Growth Models
(8)
O47 - Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output (Income) Convergence
(124)
O49 - Other
(2)
O5 - Economywide Country Studies
(183)
O50 - General
(10)
O51 - U.S.; Canada
(18)
O52 - Europe
(46)
O53 - Asia including Middle East
(29)
O54 - Latin America; Caribbean
(23)
O55 - Africa
(24)
O56 - Oceania
(1)
O57 - Comparative Studies of Countries
(32)
P - Economic Systems
(280)
P0 - General
(25)
P00 - General
(22)
P1 - Capitalist Systems
(86)
P10 - General
(11)
P11 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
(8)
P12 - Capitalist Enterprises
(3)
P13 - Cooperative Enterprises
(2)
P14 - Property Rights
(6)
P16 - Political Economy
(60)
P17 - Performance and Prospects
(1)
P2 - Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies
(65)
P20 - General
(16)
P21 - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
(5)
P22 - Prices
(1)
P23 - Factor and Product Markets; Industry Studies; Population
(3)
P24 - National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation
(2)
P25 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics; Housing; Transportation
(18)
P26 - Political Economy; Property Rights
(11)
P27 - Performance and Prospects
(6)
P28 - Natural Resources; Energy; Environment
(2)
P3 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
(48)
P30 - General
(2)
P31 - Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions
(19)
P33 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid
(10)
P34 - Financial Economics
(4)
P35 - Public Economics
(2)
P36 - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions: Consumer Economics; Health, Education and Training, Welfare, and Poverty
(6)
P37 - Legal Institutions; Illegal Behavior
(2)
P4 - Other Economic Systems
(54)
P40 - General
(2)
P42 - Productive Enterprises; Factor and Product Markets; Prices; Population
(1)
P43 - Public Economics; Financial Economics
(1)
P44 - National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation
(1)
P45 - International Trade, Finance, Investment, and Aid
(2)
P46 - Consumer Economics; Welfare and Poverty
(6)
P48 - Political Economy; Legal Institutions; Property Rights
(37)
P49 - Other
(1)
P5 - Comparative Economic Systems
(37)
P50 - General
(4)
P51 - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems
(14)
P52 - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies
(14)
Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics
(698)
Q0 - General
(38)
Q00 - General
(11)
Q01 - Sustainable Development
(27)
Q1 - Agriculture
(119)
Q10 - General
(9)
Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices
(6)
Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
(13)
Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
(5)
Q14 - Agricultural Finance
(3)
Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation
(48)
Q16 - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Agricultural Extension Services
(5)
Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
(8)
Q18 - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy
(25)
Q19 - Other
(2)
Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation
(75)
Q20 - General
(13)
Q21 - Demand and Supply
(4)
Q22 - Fishery; Aquaculture
(3)
Q23 - Forestry
(14)
Q24 - Land
(13)
Q25 - Water
(8)
Q26 - Recreational Aspects of Natural Resources
(2)
Q27 - Renewable Resources and Conservation: Issues in International Trade
(3)
Q28 - Government Policy
(16)
Q29 - Other
(1)
Q3 - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation
(58)
Q30 - General
(9)
Q31 - Demand and Supply
(4)
Q32 - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
(16)
Q33 - Resource Booms
(12)
Q34 - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts
(14)
Q38 - Government Policy
(5)
Q39 - Other
(1)
Q4 - Energy
(107)
Q40 - General
(28)
Q41 - Demand and Supply
(30)
Q42 - Alternative Energy Sources
(19)
Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy
(16)
Q48 - Government Policy
(32)
Q5 - Environmental Economics
(461)
Q50 - General
(72)
Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects
(48)
Q52 - Pollution Control Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects
(30)
Q53 - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling
(43)
Q54 - Climate; Natural Disasters
(177)
Q55 - Technological Innovation
(34)
Q56 - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Equity
(80)
Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services; Biodiversity Conservation; Bioeconomics
(19)
Q58 - Government Policy
(106)
R - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics
(854)
R0 - General
(73)
R00 - General
(45)
R1 - General Regional Economics
(415)
R10 - General
(32)
R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
(179)
R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade
(186)
R13 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies
(23)
R14 - Land Use Patterns
(29)
R15 - Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Models
(6)
R19 - Other
(1)
R2 - Household Analysis
(246)
R20 - General
(18)
R21 - Housing Demand
(97)
R22 - Other Demand
(5)
R23 - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
(122)
R29 - Other
(4)
R3 - Production Analysis and Firm Location
(174)
R30 - General
(35)
R31 - Housing Supply and Markets
(88)
R32 - Other Production and Pricing Analysis
(14)
R33 - Nonagricultural and Nonresidential Real Estate Markets
(10)
R34 - Input Demand Analysis
(2)
R38 - Government Policies; Regulatory Policies
(32)
R4 - Transportation Systems
(71)
R40 - General
(18)
R41 - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise
(31)
R42 - Government and Private Investment Analysis
(4)
R48 - Government Pricing; Regulatory Policies
(8)
R5 - Regional Government Analysis
(145)
R50 - General
(10)
R51 - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies
(7)
R52 - Land Use and Other Regulations
(42)
R53 - Public Facility Location Analysis; Public Investment and Capital Stock
(11)
R58 - Regional Development Policy
(76)
Y - Miscellaneous Categories
(21)
Y1 - Data: Tables and Charts
(1)
Y3 - Book Reviews
(6)
Y30 - Book Reviews
(5)
Y4 - Dissertations
(2)
Y8 - Related Disciplines
(12)
Y80 - Related Disciplines
(9)
Z - Other Special Topics
(146)
Z0 - General
(13)
Z00 - General
(10)
Z1 - Cultural Economics; Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology
(133)
Z10 - General
(23)
Z11 - Economics of the Arts and Literature
(2)
Z12 - Religion
(14)
Z13 - Social Norms and Social Capital; Social Networks
(60)
Z19 - Other
(4)