Items where Author is "Machin, Stephen"

Article

Manduca, Robert, Hell, Maximilian, Adermon, Adrian, Blanden, Jo, Bratberg, Espen, C. Gielen, Anne, Van Kippersluis, Hans, Bok Lee, Keun, Machin, Stephen, D. Munk, Martin, Nybom, Martin, Ostrovsky, Yuri, Rahman, Sumaiya and Sirnio, Outi (2024) Measuring absolute income mobility: lessons from North America and Europe. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 16 (2). ISSN 1945-7782

Machin, Stephen (2024) Wage controversies: real wage stagnation, inequality and labour market institutions. LSE Public Policy Review, 3 (2). ISSN 2633-4046

Ivandic, Ria, Kirchmaier, Thomas ORCID: 0000-0002-8938-2206 and Machin, Stephen (2024) International terror attacks and local out-group hate crime. Journal of Law and Economics. ISSN 0022-2186 (In Press)

Disney, Richard, Gathergood, John, Machin, Stephen and Sandi, Matteo (2023) Does homeownership reduce crime? A radical housing reform from the UK. Economic Journal. ISSN 0013-0133

Blanden, Jo, Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2023) Intergenerational home ownership. Journal of Economic Inequality, 21 (2). 251 - 275. ISSN 1569-1721

Hupkau, Claudia ORCID: 0000-0002-7545-3835, Ruiz-valenzuela, Jenifer ORCID: 0000-0002-7238-2074, Isphording, Ingo E. and Machin, Stephen (2023) Labour market shocks and parental investments during the Covid-19 pandemic. Labour Economics, 82. ISSN 0927-5371

Bell, Brian, Blundell, Jack and Machin, Stephen (2023) Where is the Land of Hope and Glory? The geography of intergenerational mobility in England and Wales. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 125 (1). pp. 73-106. ISSN 0347-0520

Bell, Brian, Bukowski, Pawel ORCID: 0000-0003-3795-6308 and Machin, Stephen (2023) The decline in rent sharing. Labor Economics. ISSN 0927-5371 (In Press)

Bell, Brian, Costa, Rui and Machin, Stephen (2022) Why does education reduce crime? Journal of Political Economy, 130 (3). 732 - 765. ISSN 0022-3808

Cavaglia, Chiara, Machin, Stephen, Mcnally, Sandra and Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer ORCID: 0000-0002-7238-2074 (2021) Gender, achievement, and subject choice in English education. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 36 (4). 816 – 835. ISSN 1460-2121

Machin, Stephen, Mcnally, Sandra and Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer ORCID: 0000-0002-7238-2074 (2020) Entry through the narrow door: the costs of just failing high stakes exams. Journal of Public Economics, 190. ISSN 0047-2727

Kirchmaier, Thomas ORCID: 0000-0002-8938-2206, Machin, Stephen, Sandi, Matteo ORCID: 0000-0003-4333-8821 and Witt, Robert (2020) Prices, policing and policy: the dynamics of crime booms and busts. Journal of the European Economic Association, 18 (2). 1040 - 1077. ISSN 1542-4766

Sandi, Matteo ORCID: 0000-0003-4333-8821 and Machin, Stephen (2019) Autonomous schools and strategic pupil exclusion. The Economic Journal, 130 (625). 125–159. ISSN 0013-0133

Datta, Nikhil, Giupponi, Giulia and Machin, Stephen (2019) Zero hours contracts and Labour market policy. Economic Policy. ISSN 0266-4658

Draca, Mirko, Koutmeridis, Theodore and Machin, Stephen (2019) The changing returns to crime: do criminals respond to prices? Review of Economic Studies, 86 (3). 1228 – 1257. ISSN 0034-6527

Bell, Brian, Bindler, Anna and Machin, Stephen (2018) Crime scars: recessions and the making of career criminals. Review of Economics and Statistics, 100 (3). pp. 392-404. ISSN 0034-6535

Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2018) The introduction of academy schools to England’s education. Journal of the European Economic Association, 17 (4). 1107–1146. ISSN 1542-4766

Beatton, Tony, Kidd, Michael P., Machin, Stephen and Sarkar, Dipanwita (2018) Larrikin youth: crime and Queensland's earning or learning reform. Labour Economics, 52. pp. 149-159. ISSN 0927-5371

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Viarengo, Martina (2018) Changing how literacy is taught: evidence on synthetic phonics. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 10 (2). pp. 217-241. ISSN 1945-7731

Eyles, Andrew, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2018) Academies 2: the new batch - the changing nature of academy schools in England. Fiscal Studies, 39 (1). pp. 121-158. ISSN 0143-5671

Beatton, Tony, Kidd, Michael P. and Machin, Stephen (2018) Gender crime convergence over twenty years: evidence from Australia. European Economic Review, 109. pp. 275-288. ISSN 0014-2921

Bell, Brian and Machin, Stephen (2018) Minimum wages and firm value. Journal of Labor Economics, 36 (1). pp. 159-195. ISSN 0734-306X

Eyles, Andrew, Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2017) Unexpected school reform: academisation of primary schools in England. Journal of Public Economics, 155. pp. 108-121. ISSN 0047-2727

Dhingra, Swati, Machin, Stephen and Overman, Henry G. ORCID: 0000-0002-3525-7629 (2017) Local economic effects of Brexit. National Institute Economic Review, 242 (1). R24-R36. ISSN 0027-9501

Machin, Stephen and Murphy, Richard (2017) Paying out and crowding out? The globalization of higher education. Journal of Economic Geography, 17 (5). pp. 1075-1110. ISSN 1468-2702

Bhaskar, V., Linacre, Robin and Machin, Stephen (2017) The economic functioning of online drugs markets. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. ISSN 0167-2681

Bell, Brian, Costa, Rui and Machin, Stephen (2016) Crime, compulsory schooling laws and education. Economics of Education Review, 54. pp. 214-226. ISSN 0272-7757

Eyles, Andrew, Hupkau, Claudia ORCID: 0000-0002-7545-3835 and Machin, Stephen (2016) School reforms and pupil performance. Labour Economics, 41. pp. 9-19. ISSN 0927-5371

Kramarz, Francis, Machin, Stephen and Ouazad, Amine (2015) Using compulsory mobility to identify school quality and peer effects. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 77 (4). pp. 566-587. ISSN 0305-9049

Bell, Brian, Jaitman, Laura and Machin, Stephen (2014) Crime deterrence: evidence from the London 2011 riots. The Economic Journal, 124 (576). pp. 480-506. ISSN 0013-0133

Gregg, P., Machin, Stephen and Fernandez-Salgado, M. (2014) The squeeze on real wages - and what it might take to end it. National Institute Economic Review, 228 (1). R3-R16. ISSN 0027-9501

Gibbons, Stephen ORCID: 0000-0002-2871-8562, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2013) Valuing school quality using boundary discontinuity. Journal of Urban Economics, 75. pp. 15-28. ISSN 0094-1190

Bell, Brian, Fasani, Francesco and Machin, Stephen (2013) Crime and immigration: evidence from large immigrant waves. Review of Economics and Statistics, 95 (4). pp. 1278-1290. ISSN 0034-6535

Jaitman, Laura and Machin, Stephen (2013) Crime and immigration: new evidence from England and Wales. IZA Journal of Migration, 2 (1). p. 19. ISSN 2193-9039

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Wyness, Gill (2013) Educational attainment across the UK nations: performance, inequality and evidence. Educational Research, 55 (2). pp. 139-164. ISSN 0013-1881

Bell, Brian and Machin, Stephen (2013) Immigrant enclaves and crime. Journal of Regional Science, 53 (1). pp. 118-141. ISSN 0022-4146

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2012) The evaluation of English education policies. National Institute Economic Review, 219 (1). R15-R25. ISSN 0027-9501

Machin, Stephen and Marie, Olivier (2011) Crime and police resources: the street crime initiative. Journal of the European Economic Association, 9 (4). pp. 678-701. ISSN 1542-4774

Draca, Mirko, Machin, Stephen and Witt, Robert (2011) Panic on the streets of London: police, crime, and the July 2005 terror attacks. American Economic Review, 101 (5). pp. 2157-2181. ISSN 0002-8282

Machin, Stephen, Marie, Olivier and Vujić, Sunčica (2011) The crime reducing effect of education. The Economic Journal, 121 (552). pp. 463-484. ISSN 0013-0133

Draca, Mirko, Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2011) Minimum wages and firm profitability. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 3 (1). pp. 129-151. ISSN 1945-7782

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Meghir, Costas (2010) Resources and standards in urban schools. Journal of Human Capital, 4 (4). pp. 365-393. ISSN 1932-8575

Dearden, Lorraine, Machin, Stephen and Vignoles, Anna (2009) Economics of education research: a review and future prospects. Oxford Review of Education, 35 (5). pp. 617-632. ISSN 0305-4985

Machin, Stephen (2008) Big ideas: rising wage inequality. Centrepiece, 13 (2). pp. 8-10. ISSN 1362-3761

Gibbons, Stephen ORCID: 0000-0002-2871-8562, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2008) Choice, competition and pupil achievement. Journal of the European Economic Association, 6 (4). pp. 912-947. ISSN 1542-4774

Gibbons, Stephen, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2008) Competition, choice and pupil achievement. Journal of the European Economic Association, 6 (4). pp. 912-947. ISSN 1542-4766

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2008) The literacy hour. Journal of Public Economics, 92 (5-6). pp. 1441-1462. ISSN 0047-2727

Gibbons, Stephen ORCID: 0000-0002-2871-8562 and Machin, Stephen (2008) Valuing school quality, better transport, and lower crime: evidence from house prices. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 24 (1). pp. 99-119. ISSN 1460-2121

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2007) Higher education and the labour market. Centrepiece, 12 (2). pp. 6-9. ISSN 1362-3761

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Silva, Olmo (2007) New technology in schools: is there a payoff? The Economic Journal, 117 (522). pp. 1145-1167. ISSN 0013-0133

Gibbons, Stephen, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2006) The educational impact of parental choice and school competition. Centrepiece, 11 (3). pp. 6-9. ISSN 1362-3761

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Silva, Olmo (2006) New technology in schools: is there a payoff? Centrepiece, 11 (1). pp. 10-12. ISSN 1362-3761

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2006) Paying for primary schools: admission constraints, school popularity or congestion? The Economic Journal, 116 (510). C77-C92. ISSN 0013-0133

Gibbons, Stephen ORCID: 0000-0002-2871-8562 and Machin, Stephen (2005) Valuing rail access using transport innovations. Journal of Urban Economics, 57 (1). pp. 148-169. ISSN 0094-1190

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2005) The English experiment. Education Next, 5 (3). pp. 70-76. ISSN 1539-9672

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2005) Gender and student achievement in English schools. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 21 (3). pp. 357-372. ISSN 1460-2121

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2004) The impact of the literacy hour. Literacy Today (40). ISSN 1367-8825

Blanden, Jo and Machin, Stephen (2004) Educational inequality and the expansion of UK higher education. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 51 (2). pp. 230-249. ISSN 0036-9292

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (2004) A test of competitive labor market theory: the wage structure among care assistants in the south of England. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 57 (3). pp. 371-385. ISSN 0019-7939

Wilson, Joan and Machin, Stephen (2004) Minimum wages in a low-wage labour market: care homes in the UK. The Economic Journal, 114 (494). C102-C109. ISSN 0013-0133

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2004) Large benefits, low cost. Centrepiece, 9 (1). pp. 2-7. ISSN 1362-3761

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Meghir, Costas (2004) Improving pupil performance in English secondary schools: excellence in cities. Journal of the European Economic Association, 2 (2-3). pp. 396-405. ISSN 1542-4774

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2004) Large benefits, low cost. Boys in Schools Bulletin, 7 (3). pp. 40-43. ISSN 1444-8432

Blanden, Jo and Machin, Stephen (2003) Cross-generation correlations of union status for young people in Britain. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41 (3). pp. 391-415. ISSN 0007-1080

Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 and Rahman, Lupin (2003) Where the minimum wage bites hard: the introduction of the UK national minimum wage to a low wage sector. Journal of the European Economic Association, 1 (1). 154 - 180. ISSN 1542-4774

Gibbons, Stephen ORCID: 0000-0002-2871-8562 and Machin, Stephen (2003) Valuing English primary schools. Journal of Urban Economics, 53 (2). pp. 197-219. ISSN 0094-1190

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1999) The effect of minimum wages on employment: theory and evidence from Britain. Journal of Labor Economics, 17 (1). pp. 1-23. ISSN 0734-306X

Desjonqueres, Thibaut, Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (1999) Another nail in the coffin? Or can the trade based explanation of changing skill structures be resurrected? Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 101 (4). pp. 533-554. ISSN 0347-0520

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1998) Estimating the effect of minimum wage on employment from the distribution of wages: a critical view. Labor Economics, 5 (2). pp. 109-134. ISSN 0927-5371

Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (1998) Technology and changes in skill structure: evidence from seven OECD countries. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113 (4). pp. 1215-1244. ISSN 0033-5533

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1997) Can supply create its own demand? Implications for rising skill differentials. European Economic Review, 41 (3-5). pp. 507-516. ISSN 0014-2921

Dolado, Juan, Kramarz, Francis, Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580, Margolis, David and Teulings, Coen (1996) The economic impact of minimum wages in Europe. Economic Policy, 11 (23). pp. 319-372. ISSN 0266-4658

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1996) Employment and the introduction of a minimum wage in Britain. The Economic Journal, 106 (436). pp. 667-676. ISSN 0013-0133

Green, F, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1996) The employer size-wage effect: is monopsony the explanation? Oxford Economic Papers, 48 (3). pp. 433-455. ISSN 0030-7653

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580, Metcalf, D, Wadsworth, Jonathan and Woodland, Stephen (1995) The effect of minimum wages on UK agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 46 (1). pp. 1-19. ISSN 0021-857X

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1994) Minimum wages, wage dispersion and employment: evidence from the UK wages councils. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 47 (2). pp. 319-329. ISSN 0019-7939

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1994) Minimum wages and employment: a theoretical framework with an application to the UK wages councils. International Journal of Manpower, 15 (2). pp. 26-48. ISSN 0143-7720

Dickens, Richard, Gregg, Paul, Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 and Wadsworth, Jonathan (1993) Wages councils: was there a case for abolition? British Journal of Industrial Relations, 31 (4). pp. 515-530. ISSN 0007-1080

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1992) Testing dynamic models of worker effort. Journal of Labor Economics, 10 (3). pp. 288-305. ISSN 0734-306X

Book Section

Machin, Stephen and West, Anne ORCID: 0000-0003-2932-7667 (2014) Admissions to academy schools in England: school composition and house prices. In: Ingram, Gregory K. and Kenyon, Daphne A., (eds.) Education, Land, and Location, Proceedings of the 2013 Land Policy Conference. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, USA, pp. 293-312. ISBN 9781558442894

Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2008) Changes in wage inequality. In: Durlauf, Steven N. and Blume, Lawrence E., (eds.) The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, UK, pp. 658-666. ISBN 9780333786765

Gibbons, Stephen, Green, A, Gregg, P and Machin, Stephen (2005) Is Britain pulling apart?: area disparities in employment, education and crime. In: Pearce, Nick and Paxton, Will, (eds.) Social Justice: Building a Fairer Britain. Politico's, London, UK. ISBN 9781842751336

Gregg, Paul, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (2004) Mobility and joblessness. In: Blundell, Richard, Card, David and Freeman, Richard B., (eds.) Seeking a Permier League Economy: the Economic Effects of British Economic Reforms, 1980-2000. University of Chicago. Press, Chicago, USA, pp. 371-410. ISBN 0226092844

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1999) The causes and consequences of long-term unemployment in Europe. In: Ashenfelter, O and Card, D, (eds.) Handbook of Labor Economics. Handbooks in economics (5). Elsevier, Amsterdam, Holland, pp. 3085-3139. ISBN 9780444878564

Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 and Machin, Stephen (1996) The impact of knowledge accumulation on wages: evidence from a panel of European corporations. In: Belcher, Alice, Hassard, John and Proctor, Stephen, (eds.) R and D Decisions: Strategy, Policy, and Disclosure. Routledge research in organizational behaviour and strategy. Routledge, London, UK, pp. 259-272. ISBN 978-0-415-13777-5

Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580, Gregg, Paul and Machin, Stephen (1994) High pay, low pay and labour market efficiency. In: Glyn, Andrew and Miliband, David, (eds.) Paying for Inequality: the Economic Cost of Social Injustice. Rivers Oram Press, London, UK, pp. 100-113. ISBN 9781854890597

Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 and Meghir, Costas (1993) Dynamic models of employment using firm level panel data. In: Pfann, G, van Ours, J and Ridder, G, (eds.) Labor Demand and Equilibrium Wage Formation. North-Holland Publishing Company, Holland. ISBN 9780444895905

Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907, Machin, Stephen and Stewart, Mark (1993) Multiple unionism, fragmented bargaining and economic outcomes in unionised UK establishments. In: Metcalf, David and Milner, Simon, (eds.) New Perspectives on Industrial Disputes. Routledge, London, pp. 55-69. ISBN 0415091519

Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907, Machin, Stephen and Stewart, Mark (1993) The effects of fragmented bargaining structures on economic outcomes. In: Metcalf, David and Milner, Simon, (eds.) New Perspectives on Industrial Disputes. Routledge, London ; New York, pp. 55-69. ISBN 0-415091519

Monograph

Vieira Marques Da Costa, Rui, Dhingra, Swati and Machin, Stephen (2022) New dawn fades: trade, labour and the Brexit exchange rate depreciation. CEP Discussion Papers (1890). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Giupponi, Giulia and Machin, Stephen (2022) Company wage policy in a low-wage labor market. CEP Discussion Papers (1869). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Datta, Nikhil and Machin, Stephen (2021) Living wages and age discontinuities for low-wage workers. CEP Discussion Papers (1803). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, London, UK.

Eyles, Andrew, Blanden, Jo and Machin, Stephen (2021) Trends in intergenerational home ownership and wealth transmission. CEP Discussion Papers (1756). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, London, UK.

Major, Lee Elliott, Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2021) Unequal learning and labour market losses in the crisis: consequences for social mobility. CEP Discussion Papers (1748). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, London, UK.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2020) Covid-19 and social mobility. CEP Covid-19 Analysis (004). London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Blundell, Jack and Machin, Stephen (2020) Self-employment in the Covid-19 crisis: a CEP Covid-19 analysis. CEP Covid-19 Analysis (003). London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Disney, Richard, Gathergood, John, Machin, Stephen and Sandi, Matteo (2020) Does homeownership reduce crime? A radical housing reform in Britain. CEP Discussion Papers (1685). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, London, UK.

Vieira Marques Da Costa, Rui, Dhingra, Swati and Machin, Stephen (2019) Trade and worker deskilling. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1622). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Ivandic, Ria, Kirchmaier, Thomas ORCID: 0000-0002-8938-2206 and Machin, Stephen (2019) Jihadi attacks, media, and local hate crime. CEP Discussion Papers (1615). Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Bukowski, Pawel ORCID: 0000-0003-3795-6308 and Machin, Stephen (2019) Rent sharing and inclusive growth. Working Paper (29). International Inequalities Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Blundell, Jack and Machin, Stephen (2018) The changing geography of intergenerational mobility. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1591). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Bukowski, Pawel ORCID: 0000-0003-3795-6308 and Machin, Stephen (2018) Rent sharing and inclusive growth. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1584). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Costa, Rui and Machin, Stephen (2018) Why does education reduce crime? CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1566). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Giupponi, Giulia and Machin, Stephen (2018) Changing the structure of minimum wages: firm adjustment and wage spillovers. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1533). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Kirchmaier, Thomas ORCID: 0000-0002-8938-2206, Machin, Stephen, Sandi, Matteo ORCID: 0000-0003-4333-8821 and Witt, Robert (2018) Prices, policing and policy: the dynamics of crime booms and busts. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1535). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Sandi, Matteo (2018) Autonomous schools and strategic pupil exclusion. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1527). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Bhaskar, V., Linacre, Robin and Machin, Stephen (2017) The economic functioning of online drugs markets. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1490). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Blanden, Jo and Machin, Stephen (2017) Home ownership and social mobility. CEP Discussion Paper (CEPDP1466). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Beatton, Tony, Kidd, Michael P., Machin, Stephen and Sarkar, Dipa (2016) Larrikin youth: new evidence on crime and schooling. CEP discussion paper (CEPDP1456). Centre for Economic Performance (CEP), London, UK.

Eyles, Andrew, Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2016) Unexpected school reform: academisation of primaryschools in England. CEP discussion paper (CEPDP1455). Centre for Economic Performance (CEP), London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Viarengo, Martina (2016) “Teaching to teach” literacy. CEP Discussion Paper (1425). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Bell, Brian and Machin, Stephen (2016) Minimum wages and firm value. CEP Discussion Paper (1404). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Costa, Rui and Machin, Stephen (2015) Crime, compulsory schooling laws and education. CEP Discussion Paper (1374). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Eyles, Andrew, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2015) Academies 2: the new batch. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1370). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2015) The introduction of academy schools to England’seducation. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1368). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Draca, Mirko, Koutmeridis, Theodore and Machin, Stephen (2015) The changing returns to crime: do criminals respond to prices? CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1355). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Murphy, Richard (2014) Paying out and crowding out? The globalisation of higher education. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1299). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Bindler, Anna and Machin, Stephen (2014) Crime scars: recessions and the making of career criminals. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1284). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Jaitman, Laura and Machin, Stephen (2013) Crime and immigration: new evidence from England and Wales. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1238). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, Wyness, Gill and McNally, Sandra (2013) Education in a devolved Scotland: a quantitative analysis. CEP Special Reports (CEPSP30). The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center of Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2013) School structure, school autonomy and the tail. CEP Special Reports (CEPSP29). The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center of Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2012) Inequality and opportunity: the return of a neglected debate. US ELECTION ANALYSIS NO. 4 (CEPUSA004). The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center of Economic Performance, London, UK.

Gibbons, Stephen, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2012) Valuing school quality using boundary discontinuities. CEE discussion papers (CEE DP 132). Centre for the Economics of Education, London, UK.

Lindley, Joanne and Machin, Stephen (2011) The boom in postgraduate education and its impact on wage inequality. CEPDP (351). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Lindley, Joanne and Machin, Stephen (2011) Rising wage inequality and postgraduate education. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP1075). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen (2011) Houses and schools: valuation of school quality through the housing market: EALE 2010 presidential address. Centre for Economic Performance occasional papers (CEPOP29). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen (2011) Houses and schools: valuation of school quality through then housing market - EALE 2010 presidential address. CEP Occasional Papers (CEPOP29). The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center of Economic Performance, London, UK.

Challen, Amy, Noden, Philip, West, Anne ORCID: 0000-0003-2932-7667 and Machin, Stephen (2011) UK resilience programme evaluation: final report. Research reports (DFE-RR097). Department for Education, London, UK. ISBN 9781847758835

Machin, Stephen and Vernoit, James (2010) A note on academy school policy. CEP Policy Analysis (CEPPA011). The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center of Economic Performance, London, UK.

Challen, Amy, Noden, Philip, West, Anne ORCID: 0000-0003-2932-7667 and Machin, Stephen (2010) UK Resilience programme evaluation: second interim report. . Department for Education, London, UK. ISBN 9781847757609

Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2010) Inequality: still higher, but labour's policies kept it down. CEP Election Analysis (CEPEA015). The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center of Economic Performance, London, UK.

Green, Francis, Machin, Stephen, Murphy, Richard and Zhu, Yu (2010) The changing economic advantage from private school. CEE discussion papers (CEEDP0115). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Salvanes, Kjell (2010) Valuing school quality via school choice reform. CEE discussion papers (CEEDP0113). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Bell, Brian, Machin, Stephen and Fasani, Francesco (2010) Crime and immigration: evidence from large immigrant waves. CEP Discussion Paper (984). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Hills, John, Brewer, Mike, Jenkins, Stephen P ORCID: 0000-0002-8305-9774, Lister, Ruth, Lupton, Ruth, Machin, Stephen, Mills, Colin, Modood, Tariq, Rees, Teresa and Riddell, Sheila (2010) An anatomy of economic inequality in the UK: report of the National Equality Panel. CASEreports (60). Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, Marie, Olivier and Vujić, Sunčica (2010) The crime reducing effect of education. CEP Discussion Paper (979). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Challen, Amy, Noden, Philip, West, Anne ORCID: 0000-0003-2932-7667 and Machin, Stephen (2009) UK Resilience programme evaluation: interim report. . Department for Education, London, UK. ISBN 9781847754158

Gibbons, Stephen, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2009) Valuing school quality using boundary discontinuities. SERC discussion papers (18). Spatial Economics Research Centre, London, UK.

Kramarz, Francis, Machin, Stephen and Ouazad, Amine (2009) What makes a test score?: the respective contributions of pupils, schools and peers in achievement in English primary education. CEE Discussion Papers (CEEDP0102). London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, Pelkonen, Panu and Salvanes, Kjell (2008) Education and mobility. CEE discussion papers (CEEDP0100). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Green, Francis, Machin, Stephen, Murphy, Richard and Zhu, Yu (2008) Competition for private and state school teachers. CEE Disussion Paper (0094). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2007) Changes in wage inequality. Centre for Economic Performance special papers (CEPSP18). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Meghir, Costas (2007) Resources and standards in urban schools. . Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn, Germany.

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Meghir, Costas (2007) Resources and standards in urban schools. . Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Silva, Olmo (2006) New technology in schools: is there a payoff? . Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn, Germany.

Machin, Stephen, Telhaj, Shqiponja and Wilson, Joan (2006) The mobility of English school children. CEEDP (67). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Vignoles, Anna (2006) Education policy in the UK. CEEDP (57). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. ISBN 0753018535

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2006) Gender and student achievement in English schools. . Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Draca, Mirko, Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2006) Minimum wages and firm profitability. CEP Discussion Papers (715). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Gibbons, Stephen, Machin, Stephen and Silva, Olmo (2006) Competition, choice and pupil achievement. CEEDP (56). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. ISBN 0753018527

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Silva, Olmo (2006) New technology in schools: is there a payoff? . Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2006) Transport and labour market linkages: empirical evidence, implications for policy and scope for further UK research. . Department of Transport.

Blanden, Jo, Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2005) New survey evidence on recent changes in UK union recognition. CEP Discussion Papers (685). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Marie, Olivier (2005) Crime and police resources: the street crime initiative. CEPDP (680). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753018209

Kendall, Lesley, O'Donnell, Lisa, Golden, Sarah, Ridley, Kate, Machin, Stephen, Rutt, Simon, McNally, Sandra, Schagen, Ian, Meghir, Costas, Stoney, Sheila, Morris, Marian, West, Anne ORCID: 0000-0003-2932-7667 and Noden, Philip (2005) Excellence in cities: the national evaluation of a policy to raise standards in urban schools 2000-2003. Research report (675a). Department for Education and Skills, London, UK. ISBN 184478567X

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2004) Paying for primary schools: supply constraints, school popularity or congestion? CEEDP (42). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. ISBN 0753017369

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2004) The literacy hour. . Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Marie, Olivier (2004) Crime and benefit sanctions. CEPDP (645). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 075301775X

Machin, Stephen and Wood, Stephen (2004) Looking for HRM/union substitution: evidence from British workplaces. CEPDP (605). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753017067

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2004) Valuing rail access using transport innovations. CEPDP (611). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753017121

Machin, Stephen and McNally, Sandra (2004) The literacy hour. . Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn, Germany.

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2003) Employment and rail access: an evaluation of the wider benefits of transport improvements. . Department of Transport.

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2003) Rail access and house prices: an evaluation of the wider benefits of transport improvements. . Department of Transport.

Blanden, Jo and Machin, Stephen (2002) Cross-generation correlations of union status for young people in Britain. CEPDP (553). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753015919

Machin, Stephen (2002) Factors of convergence and divergence in union membership. CEPDP (554). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753015927

Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 and Rahman, Lupin (2002) Where the minimum wage bites hard: the introduction of the UK national minimum wage to a low wage sector. CEP Discussion Paper (544). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 075301565X

Blanden, Jo, Goodman, Alissa, Gregg, Paul and Machin, Stephen (2002) Changes in intergenerational mobility in Britain. CEEDP (26). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. ISBN 0753015307

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (2002) The structure of wages in what should be a competitive labour market. CEPDP (532). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753015536

Blanden, Jo, Goodman, Alissa, Gregg, Paul and Machin, Stephen (2002) Changes in intergenerational mobility in Britain. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP0517). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Gibbons, Stephen and Machin, Stephen (2001) Valuing primary schools. CEEDP (15). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. ISBN 0753014785

Vignoles, Anna, Levacic, Rosalind, Walker, James, Machin, Stephen and Reynolds, David (2000) The relationship between resource allocation and pupil attainment: a review. CEEDP (2). Centre for the Economics of Education, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. ISBN 0753014335

Machin, Stephen (2000) Union decline in Britain. CEPDP (455). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753013819

Gregg, Paul and Machin, Stephen (1998) Child development and success or failure in the youth labour market. CEPDP (397). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753012308

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1998) The causes and consequences of long-term unemployment in Europe. CEPDP (400). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753012332

Machin, Stephen, Ryan, A and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (1996) Technology and changes in skill structure: evidence from an international panel of industries. CEP discussion paper (CEPDP0297). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Blanchflower, David and Machin, Stephen (1996) Product market competition wages and productivity: international evidence from establishment-level data. CEPDP (286). Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Sciences, London, UK.

Dearden, Lorraine, Machin, Stephen and Reed, H. (1996) Intergenerational mobility in Britain. CEPDP (281). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Green, F., Machin, Stephen and Wilkinson, D. (1996) Trade unions and training practices in British workplaces. CEPDP (278). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK. ISBN 0753003155

Machin, Stephen and Waldfogel, Jane (1996) The decline of the male breadwinner: changing shares of husbands' and wives' earnings in family income. Welfare State Programme Discussion Papers (WSP 103). Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London, UK.

Gosling, A. and Machin, Stephen (1995) The changing distribution of male wages in the UK. CEPDP (271). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Stewart, M. (1995) Trade unions and financial performance. CEPDP (242). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen (1995) Changes in the relative demand for skills in the UK labour market. CEPDP (221). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Harkness, Susan, Machin, Stephen and Waldfogel, Jane (1994) Evaluating the pin money hypothesis: the relationship between women's labour market activity, family income and poverty in Britain. Welfare State Programme Discussion Papers (WSP 108). Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 and Woodland, Stephen (1994) Are workers paid their marginal product? Evidence from a low wage labour market. CEP Discussion Papers (0158). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1994) Estimating the effect of minimum wages on employment from the distribution of wages: a critical view. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP0203). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen, Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580, Metcalf, David, Wadsworth, Jonathan and Woodland, Stephen (1994) The effect of minimum wages on UK agriculture. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP0204). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Dickens, Richard, Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1994) The effects of minimum wages on employment: theory and evidence from Britain. CEP Discussion Papers (CEPDP0183). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Gosling, A. and Machin, Stephen (1993) Trade unions and the dispersion of earnings in UK establishments. CEP discussion paper (140). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Disney, R., Gosling, A. and Machin, Stephen (1993) What has happened to union recognition in Britain? CEP discussion paper (130). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1992) Minimum wages. CEPDP (80). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Green, F., Machin, Stephen and Manning, Alan ORCID: 0000-0002-7884-3580 (1992) The employer size-wage effect: is monopsony the explanation? CEPDP (79). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Machin, Stephen, Stewart, M and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (1992) The economic effects of multiple unionism : evidence from the 1984 Workplace industrial relations survey. CEP discussion paper (66). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Gregg, Paul, Machin, Stephen and Metcalf, David (1991) Signals and cycles productivity growth and changes in union status in British companies. CEP discussion paper (49). London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK.

Conference or Workshop Item

Machin, Stephen, Viarengo, Martina and Freeman, Richard B. (2008) Variation in educational outcomes across demographic groups: what can we learn from Europe? In: Papers Presented at the Project on Social Inequality and Educational Disadvantage, 2008-11-20 - 2008-11-21, Washington DC, United States.

Online resource

Machin, Stephen, Mcnally, Sandra and Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer ORCID: 0000-0002-7238-2074 (2023) Uncovering the association between school qualifications and youth custody. British Politics and Policy at LSE (30 Aug 2023). Blog Entry.

Blackburn, Robert, Machin, Stephen and Ventura, Maria (2021) Some of the self-employed are still struggling amid uncertainty about whether they could claim grants. LSE COVID-19 Blog (19 Nov 2021). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott, Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2021) Pupils lost a third of their expected learning during COVID-19, with Wales and Scotland even further behind. British Politics and Policy at LSE (09 Jul 2021). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott, Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2021) Pupils lost a third of their expected learning during COVID, with Wales and Scotland even further behind. LSE COVID-19 Blog (07 Jul 2021). Blog Entry.

Bell, Torsten, Dhingra, Swati, Machin, Stephen, McCurdy, Charlie, Overman, Henry G. ORCID: 0000-0002-3525-7629, Thwaites, Gregory, Tomlinson, Daniel and Sivropoulos-Valero, Anna Valero (2021) The 2020s will be a crunch decade that will determine the UK’s trajectory into the mid-21st century. LSE COVID-19 Blog (18 May 2021). Blog Entry.

Hupkau, Claudia, Isphording, Ingo, Machin, Stephen and Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer ORCID: 0000-0002-7238-2074 (2020) What happened when parents lost their jobs during lockdown? LSE COVID-19 Blog (21 Dec 2020). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott, Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2020) COVID-19 and social mobility: the public support key policies that will help limit widening inequalities in employment and education. British Politics and Policy at LSE (04 Nov 2020). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2020) The COVID generation social mobility test: how to level up an even more unequal playing field created by the pandemic. British Politics and Policy at LSE (13 Aug 2020). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2020) How to stop UK’s declining social mobility amid Covid-19. LSE Covid 19 Blog (17 Jul 2020). Blog Entry.

Blundell, Jack and Machin, Stephen (2020) Five million self-employed in the UK have been hit hard by the pandemic. LSE Covid 19 Blog (01 Jun 2020). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2020) Covid-19 is increasing the divide in life chances between rich and poor. Democratic Audit Blog (22 Apr 2020). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2020) Covid-19 is increasing the divide in life chances between rich and poor. LSE Business Review (21 Apr 2020). Blog Entry.

Costa, Rui and Machin, Stephen (2019) Playing at Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: the UK job market. LSE Business Review (27 Nov 2019). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2019) How to improve social mobility. LSE Business Review (09 Nov 2019). Blog Entry.

Major, Lee Elliott and Machin, Stephen (2018) The tale of two Davids (Cameron and Beckham) and our social mobility problem. LSE Business Review (28 Nov 2018). Blog Entry.

De Lyon, Josh, Dhingra, Swati and Machin, Stephen (2017) The Brexit vote has caused a significant rise in UK prices, especially food. LSE European Politics and Policy (EUROPP) Blog (06 Nov 2017). Website.

Bhaskar, V, Linacre, Robin and Machin, Stephen (2017) Dark web: The economics of online drugs markets. LSE Business Review Blog (06 Nov 2017). Website.

De Lyon, Josh, Dhingra, Swati and Machin, Stephen (2017) The Brexit vote has caused a significant rise in prices, especially food. LSE Brexit (03 Nov 2017). Website.

Machin, Stephen and Costa, Rui (2017) What’s happening with real wages and living standards in the UK? LSE Business Review (01 Jun 2017). Website.

Blanden, Jo and Machin, Stephen (2017) Home ownership is falling faster for young people whose parents didn’t own a house. LSE Business Review (12 Apr 2017). Website.

Eyles, Andrew and Machin, Stephen (2016) Budget 2016: highly questionable whether the academisation of all schools is good policy. British Politics and Policy at LSE (16 Mar 2016). Website.

Jaitman, Laura and Machin, Stephen (2016) Crime costs Latin America 3 percent of its annual GDP. LSE Business Review (04 Mar 2016). Website.

Machin, Stephen (2015) Real wages and living standards: the latest UK evidence. British Politics and Policy at LSE (26 Mar 2015). Website.

Jaitman, Laura and Machin, Stephen (2014) Does tougher sentencing deter crime? Evidence from the London 2011 riots suggests it does. British Politics and Policy at LSE (01 Jul 2014). Website.

Lindley, Joanne and Machin, Stephen (2011) Technological changes in the workplace have seen a rise in the demand for, and the wages of, postgraduates. But this has led to widening wage inequalities between postgraduates and undergraduate-only workers. British Politics and Policy at LSE (26 Dec 2011). Website.

Machin, Stephen and Vernoit, James (2010) Academy schools under Labour combated disadvantage and increased pupil achievement: the coalition’s new policy may exacerbate existing inequalities. British Politics and Policy at LSE (18 Nov 2010). Website.

Machin, Stephen and Van Reenen, John ORCID: 0000-0001-9153-2907 (2010) LSE centre for economic performance – inequality: still high, but labour’s policies kept it down. British Politics and Policy at LSE (28 Apr 2010). Website.

Machin, Stephen, McNally, Sandra and Silva, Olmo (2007) New technology in schools: is there a payoff? Vox (14 Dec 2007). Website.