The welfare properties of climate targets

Coppens, Léo and Venmans, Frank ORCID: 0000-0002-4264-6606 (2023) The welfare properties of climate targets. Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment Working Paper (403). Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.

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Abstract

Two approaches are predominant in climate models: cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis. On the one hand, cost-benefit analysis maximises welfare, finding a trade-off between climate damages and emission abatement costs. On the other hand, cost-effectiveness analysis minimises abatement costs, omits damages but adds a climate constraint, such as a radiative forcing constraint, a temperature constraint or a cumulative emissions constraint. These constraints can be applied from today onwards or only from 2100 onwards, allowing to overshoot the target before 2100. We analyse the impacts of these different constraints on optimal carbon prices, emissions and welfare. To do so, we fit a model with abatement costs, capital repurposing costs (stranded assets) and technological change on IPCC and NGFS scenarios. The welfare-maximizing scenario reaching 1.5°C in 2100 has almost no net negative emissions at the end of the century (-2GtCO2/y). A constraint on cumulative emissions has the best welfare properties, followed by a temperature constraint with overshoot. A forcing constraint with overshoot has insufficient early abatement, leading to a substantial welfare loss of $29 Trillion, spread out over the century. As to the paths reaching 2°C, all cost-effectiveness analysis abate too late, but the welfare impact of this dynamic inefficiency is milder. Again, a forcing constraint with overshoot scores worst.

Item Type:	Monograph (Working Paper)
Official URL:	https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/publicatio...
Additional Information:	© 2023 The Author(s)
Divisions:	Grantham Research Institute
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory
JEL classification:	Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q5 - Environmental Economics > Q52 - Pollution Control Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects
Date Deposited:	30 Oct 2023 15:21
Last Modified:	14 Sep 2024 04:39
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/120567

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