Pre-electoral coalitions and the distribution of political power

Hortala-Vallve, Rafael, Meriläinen, Jaakko and Tukiainen, Janne (2024) Pre-electoral coalitions and the distribution of political power. Public Choice, 198 (1-2). 47 - 67. ISSN 0048-5829

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Abstract

Pre-electoral coalitions (PECs) may increase parties’ chances of winning an election, but they may also distort electoral results and policies away from citizens’ preferences. To shed light on how PECs shape post-electoral power distribution, we study the causes and consequences of PECs in Finland where elections use an open-list proportional representation system, and parties may form joint lists. We present descriptive evidence showing that PECs are more common between parties of equal size and similar ideology, and when elections are more disproportional or involve more parties. Using difference-in-differences and density discontinuity designs, we illustrate that voters punish coalescing parties and target personal votes strategically within the coalitions, and that PECs are formed with the particular purpose of influencing the distribution of power. PECs increase small parties’ chances of acquiring leadership positions, lead to more dispersed seat distributions, and sometimes prevent absolute majorities. They can thus enable a broader representation of citizens’ policy preferences.

Item Type:	Article
Official URL:	https://link.springer.com/journal/11127
Additional Information:	© 2023 The Authors
Divisions:	Government
Subjects:	J Political Science > JF Political institutions (General) J Political Science > JC Political theory
JEL classification:	D - Microeconomics > D7 - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making > D72 - Economic Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior P - Economic Systems > P0 - General > P00 - General
Date Deposited:	30 Jan 2024 12:39
Last Modified:	01 Nov 2024 01:54
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/121600

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