Does victim gender matter for justice delivery? Police and judicial responses to women’s cases in India

Jassal, Nirvikar ORCID: 0000-0002-8167-4124 (2023) Does victim gender matter for justice delivery? Police and judicial responses to women’s cases in India. American Political Science Review. ISSN 1537-5943

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Abstract

Are women disadvantaged whilst accessing justice? I chart, for the first time, the full trajectory of accessing justice in India using an original dataset of roughly half a million crime reports, subsequently merged with court files. I demonstrate that particular complaints can be hindered when passing through nodes of the criminal justice system, and illustrate a pattern of “multi-stage” discrimination. In particular, I show that women’s complaints are more likely to be delayed and dismissed at the police station and courthouse compared to men. Suspects that female complainants accuse of crime are less likely to be convicted and more likely to be acquitted, an imbalance that persists even when accounting for cases of violence against women (VAW). The application of machine learning to complaints reveals—contrary to claims by policymakers and judges—that VAW, including the extortive crime of dowry, are not “petty quarrels,” but may involve starvation, poisoning, and marital rape. In an attempt to make a causal claim about the impact of complainant gender on verdicts, I utilize topical inverse regression matching, a method that leverages high-dimensional text data. I show that those who suffer from cumulative disadvantage in society may face challenges across sequential stages of seeking restitution or punitive justice through formal state institutions.

Item Type:	Article
Official URL:	https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-p...
Additional Information:	© 2023 The Author(s)
Divisions:	Government
Subjects:	H Social Sciences H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman K Law
Date Deposited:	16 Aug 2023 11:48
Last Modified:	18 Nov 2024 23:51
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/119996

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