The double disadvantage faced by adolescents from low socioeconomic backgrounds with mental health problems affects earnings up to mid-life

Evans-Lacko, Sara ORCID: 0000-0003-4691-2630, Paulino, Font Gilabert and Knapp, Martin ORCID: 0000-0003-1427-0215 (2024) The double disadvantage faced by adolescents from low socioeconomic backgrounds with mental health problems affects earnings up to mid-life. Social Science & Medicine, 362. ISSN 0277-9536

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Abstract

Early childhood socioeconomic disadvantage and mental health problems are both important determinants of adult social and economic experiences, but little is known about how they interact in this respect. We aimed to assess whether poor mental health in adolescence exacerbates labour market inequalities originating from low socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood. We use a birth cohort of individuals born in 1958 in England and follow their employment experiences and cumulative earnings up to age 55. We proxy low SES in childhood with father’s occupational class at the time the respondent was aged 11, and use caregiver (usually, parent) ratings of the Rutter inventory at age 16 to identify mental health problems in adolescence. We fit ordinary least squares (OLS) models to estimate the effect of growing up in a low-SES family and experiencing mental health problems (conduct or emotional problems) in adolescence on cumulative earnings (log-transformed). We use an interaction term to test whether the association between mental health problems (conduct and emotional separately) and earnings differed by socioeconomic group. Individuals who experienced conduct problems in adolescence had lower cumulative earnings and employment levels up to age of 55. Moreover, the association between mental health problems and cumulative earnings was higher among individuals who also experienced low SES in childhood. Families from a higher socioeconomic group may have more effective means to counteract the adverse impacts of adolescent mental health problems, likely due to broader access to resources, support systems and opportunities. This underscores the role of structural supports in addressing socioeconomic inequalities in mental health outcomes and their long-terms implications.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2024 The Author(s)
Divisions:	Care Policy and Evaluation Centre
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences
JEL classification:	I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I1 - Health > I10 - General I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I2 - Education > I20 - General J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J1 - Demographic Economics > J13 - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth O - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth > O1 - Economic Development > O15 - Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
Date Deposited:	18 Oct 2024 16:27
Last Modified:	20 Nov 2024 12:24
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/125804

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