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Broadberry, Stephen and Gardner, Leigh A. ORCID: 0000-0001-8638-5121 (2016) Economic development in Africa and Europe: reciprocal comparisons. Revista de Historia Economica - Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, 34 (1). pp. 11-37. ISSN 0212-6109
Gardner, Leigh A. ORCID: 0000-0001-8638-5121 (2012) The rise and fall of sterling in Liberia, 1870-1943. In: Modern and comparative economic history seminar, 2012-11-15, London, United Kingdom, GBR. (Submitted)
Gardner, Leigh A. ORCID: 0000-0001-8638-5121 (2022) Sovereignty without power: Liberia in the age of empires, 1822–1980. Cambridge Studies in Economic History - Second Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ISBN 9781009181105
Gardner, Leigh A. ORCID: 0000-0001-8638-5121 (2012) Taxing colonial Africa: the political economy of British imperialism. Oxford historical monographs. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. ISBN 9780199661527
Gardner, Leigh A. and Broadberry, Stephen (2014) From boom to bust: avoiding economic ‘growth reversals’ in Africa. International Growth Centre Blog (05 Dec 2014). Website.