Weather to protest: the effect of Black Lives Matter protests on the 2020 presidential election

Klein Teeselink, Bouke and Melios, George ORCID: 0000-0001-5027-9829 (2025) Weather to protest: the effect of Black Lives Matter protests on the 2020 presidential election. Political Behavior. ISSN 0190-9320

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Abstract

Do mass mobilizations drive social change? This paper explores this question by studying how the Black Lives Matter protests following George Floyd’s death influenced the 2020 U.S. presidential election. Using rainfall as an instrument for protest participation and complementary difference-in-differences analyses, we show that protest activity significantly increased Democratic vote share in affected counties. Our research makes three key contributions. First, we show causal evidence for the effect of one of the largest protest movements ever recorded on electoral out- comes. Second, we provide evidence of novel temporal dynamics: while protests initially triggered a conservative backlash, they ultimately generated progressive shifts in voting behavior. Third, we identify mechanisms driving these effects, showing that rather than merely mobilizing existing Democratic voters, protests substantively shifted political preferences and beliefs about racial inequality.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2025 The Author(s)
Divisions:	Hellenic Observatory Psychological and Behavioural Science
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology J Political Science > JF Political institutions (General) H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
Date Deposited:	19 Feb 2025 10:06
Last Modified:	26 Mar 2025 17:03
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/127371

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