Development transitions for fossil fuel-producing low and lower–middle income countries in a carbon-constrained world

Foster, Vivien, Trotter, Philipp A., Werner, Sven, Niedermayer, Melin, Mulugetta, Yacob, Achakulwisut, Ploy, Brophy, Aoife, Dubash, Navroz K., Fankhauser, Sam ORCID: 0000-0003-2100-7888, Hawkes, Adam, Hirmer, Stephanie, Jenkins, Stuart, Loni, Sam, Mcgivern, Alexis, Nanthavong, Khamphone, Probst, Benedict, Pye, Steve, Russo, Vladimir, Semieniuk, Gregor, Shenga, Carlos, Sridharan, Vignesh, Srivastav, Sugandha, Sokona, Youba, Croxatto, Lucas Somavilla and Yang, Pu (2024) Development transitions for fossil fuel-producing low and lower–middle income countries in a carbon-constrained world. Nature Energy, 9 (3). 242 - 250. ISSN 2058-7546

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Abstract

The production and use of fossil fuels need to decline rapidly to limit global warming. Although global net-zero scenarios abound, the associated development ramifications for fossil fuel-producing low and lower–middle income countries (LLMICs), as well as adequate international responses, have been underexplored. Here we conceptualize that, depending on country context, three types of development transition follow from declining fossil fuel production and use for LLMIC producers, namely an energy transition, an economic transition and an equitable fossil fuel production transition. We propose a classification of these transitions, arguing that heterogeneity in LLMICs’ fossil fuel production and usage substantially impacts their pathways towards low-carbon development. We illustrate this by discussing different cases of fossil fuel-producing LLMICs, focusing on Mozambique, India, Lao PDR and Angola. We conclude by detailing context-specific international support portfolios to foster low-carbon development in fossil fuel-producing LLMICs, and call for a re-orientation of international support along principles of global solidarity.

Item Type:	Article
Official URL:	https://www.nature.com/nenergy/
Additional Information:	© 2024 Springer Nature Limited
Divisions:	Grantham Research Institute
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor
JEL classification:	Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics > Q5 - Environmental Economics > Q50 - General
Date Deposited:	23 Feb 2024 13:12
Last Modified:	08 Apr 2024 08:30
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/122094

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