COVID-19 and violence against women: current knowledge, gaps, and implications for public policy

Rocha, Fabiana, Diaz, Maria Dolores Montoya, Pereda, Paula Carvalho, Árabe, Isadora Bousquat, Cavalcanti, Filipe, Lordemus, Samuel, Kreif, Noemi and Moreno-Serra, Rodrigo (2024) COVID-19 and violence against women: current knowledge, gaps, and implications for public policy. World Development, 174. ISSN 0305-750X

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Abstract

On a global scale, 1 in 3 women experience physical and/or sexual violence in their lifetime, and women of disadvantaged backgrounds are at an even higher risk. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, data have shown that violence against women (VAW) has intensified. In this paper, we review an emerging literature evaluating the impact of stay-at-home measures implemented to curb the spread of COVID-19 on VAW in low and middle-income countries. We classify existing studies into three categories based on the quality of data and reliability of the empirical methodology: “causal”, “less causal” and “not causal. Overall, the most rigorous literature on low- and middle-income countries provides evidence of increases in calls to domestic violence hotlines and drops in police reports. Differences in the types of violence analysed (physical, sexual, psychological, or economic) and the challenges associated with reporting these types of VAW contribute to the mixed results. The main methodological limitations faced by this literature relate to data availability and the ability to distinguish the effects of social isolation from those associated with income and emotional shocks induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper highlights the need for innovative methods and data to better understand the unintended VAW consequences of movement restrictions and reliably effective policy responses to this major social and public health challenge.

Item Type:	Article
Official URL:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/world-develo...
Additional Information:	© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Divisions:	Economics
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
JEL classification:	I - Health, Education, and Welfare > I1 - Health > I18 - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health J - Labor and Demographic Economics > J1 - Demographic Economics > J16 - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination H - Public Economics > H1 - Structure and Scope of Government > H10 - General
Date Deposited:	22 Jan 2024 15:12
Last Modified:	29 Nov 2024 03:11
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/121441

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