A social rank explanation of how money influences health

Daly, Michael, Boyce, Christopher J. and Wood, Alexander Mathew ORCID: 0000-0002-8010-1455 (2015) A social rank explanation of how money influences health. Health Psychology, 34 (3). 222 - 230. ISSN 0278-6133

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Abstract

Objective : Financial resources are a potent determinant of health, yet it remains unclear why this is the case. We aimed to identify whether the frequently observed association between absolute levels of monetary resources and health may occur because money acts an indirect proxy for a person’s social rank. Method : To address this question we examined over 230,000 observations on 40,400 adults drawn from two representative national panel studies; the British Household Panel Survey and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We identified each person’s absolute income/wealth and their objective ranked position of income/wealth within a social reference-group. Absolute and rank income/wealth variables were then used to predict a series of self-reported and objectively recorded health outcomes in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Results : As anticipated, those with higher levels of absolute income/wealth were found to have better health than others, after adjustment for age, gender, education,marital status, and labor force status. When evaluated simultaneously the ranked position of income/wealth but not absolute income/wealth predicted all health outcomes examined including: objective measures of allostatic load and obesity, the presence of long-standing illness, and ratings of health,physical functioning, role limitations, and pain. The health benefits of high rank were consistent in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses and did not depend on the reference-group used to rank participants. Conclusions : This is the first study to demonstrate that social position rather than material conditions may explain the impact of money on human health.

Item Type:	Article
Official URL:	https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/hea/
Additional Information:	© 2014 The Authors
Divisions:	Psychological and Behavioural Science
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
Date Deposited:	05 Sep 2019 08:33
Last Modified:	12 Dec 2024 01:52
URI:	http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/101495

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